本計畫以〈清代杜詩評註之「時文手眼」研究〉為題，涵蓋了「清代時文試帖」（科舉考試）、「評點註解」（文學批評方式）與「杜詩選本」（應考範本）三項範圍。一方面，清代時文試帖的考試制度，讓士人在長期背誦、習作時文的過程中，培養了敏銳的「時文手眼」，並將之施於詩文的編選、評點方面，開拓了詩歌選本與文學批評的新視界；另一方面，由於時文寫作須「代聖賢立言」，看題目的話是哪個聖賢說的，再深入揣摩聖賢之意，模擬聖賢的口氣，將題目的意思予以闡釋、發揮，因而結合「時文手眼」編選而成的杜詩評註本，透過「代聖賢立言」的機制，不僅深化了杜詩的意涵，也從而提高了杜詩的地位；這些因應科舉考試的杜詩選註本，又成為學子的啟蒙教科書與應試的敲門磚，而「時文試帖」與「評點註解」及「杜詩選本」之間的交互影響與彼此作用性，也據可見。本計畫擬結合時文、試帖詩的寫作要點，重新檢視清代以時文手眼說解杜詩的內容，透過與非時文手眼之說詩內容比較，來突顯「以時文說杜」的特點，並客觀地評價這種深受科舉考試影響的文學批評方式，也藉此省思四庫館臣將「以時文說杜」者概目之為「陋習」、「陋例」的評價是否為的論，日後亦期能作為「清代杜詩童蒙本」及「清代試帖詩選本」、「清代試帖詩作」的研究基礎。 A study on Ping-Dain on Du Fu’s poems—comments by eight-legged essays The project will be done by studying on the eight-legged essay exams, the ways on criticizing literatures, and Du Fu’s poems for the testing range. In the Qing Dynasty, the three objects mentioned above were related. This study integrates eight-legged essays and writing essentials from the examination poems to review the contents of Du Fu’s poems commented by eight-legged essays and to compare with those were not commented by to magnify the features of the former. This study will objectively evaluate the commenting methods influenced deeply by the imperial examination system on literatures. The study is hoped to be the resources while doing researches on the Qing Dynasty Du Fu’s poems for children, the anthology of examination poems in the Qing Dynasty, and the poems from the imperial examinations.
