| Abstract: | 「零廢棄」已逐漸變成許多發展中國家的趨勢，廢棄物種類包含焚化底渣、污泥、淤泥等。近年來研究發現光觸媒可分解CO 和甲醛等室內空氣污染物，因此本計畫目的是利用泥渣廢棄物製備TiO2 光觸媒披覆之輕質骨材( “Ti/LWA”)，利用輕質骨材微孔來吸附室內空氣污染物的特性，並進而於日光或一般室內光線照射條件下，產生光催化分解空氣污染物CO、甲醛。第一年目標將TiO2 光觸媒顆粒披覆在輕質骨材表面並測試 Ti/LWA 在連續流狀態下的流蝕情況並利用TGA/DSC, ICP-AES, XRD, SEM/EDS, XPS, BET, UV/VIS, and XAS,分析鑑定輕質骨材觸媒複合材料之性質。本實驗室利用自行設計的燒結爐，可控制升溫程式。藉由改變temperature-time history, 將可更有效開發出良好的發泡/燒結條件。實驗控制參數包括燒結發泡溫度、燒結發泡時間、升溫速率、發泡劑、污泥種類、雜質成份、粒徑分佈等。製備時之酸鹼性、鍛燒氣氛、鍛燒溫度、鍛燒升溫速率、鍛燒及持溫時間等參數，以同步輻射XAS 深入探討不同的二氧化鈦之Ti 分子環境變化。所製備之光觸媒將以XRD 鑑定二氧化鈦光觸媒之晶相結構；以XPS 分析光觸媒表面元素及化學鍵結；以BET surface area 量測光觸媒之比表面積；以SEM 觀察觸媒複合材料顆粒大小、形狀及表面形態。本實驗室於燒結含重金屬之有害廢棄物與未添加吸附劑和添加黏土之相關研究經驗已累積數年，並在國際期刊上發表數篇相關之研究成果。以上之研究成果將有助於本團隊達成之目標。 99學年度(8 /1, 2010-7/ 31, 2011) 「零廢棄」已逐漸變成許多發展中國家的趨勢，廢棄物種類包含焚化底渣、污泥、淤泥等。近年來研究發現光觸媒可分解CO和甲醛等室內空氣污染物，因此本計畫目的是利用泥渣廢棄物製備TiO2光觸媒披覆之輕質骨材( “Ti/LWA”)，利用輕質骨材微孔來吸附室內空氣污染物的特性，並進而於日光或一般室內光線照射條件下，產生光催化分解空氣污染物CO、甲醛。第二年目標首先用鐵合成改質型TiO2 光觸媒顆粒披覆在輕質骨材表面並測試 Ti/LWA 在連續流狀態下的流蝕情況下並通入CO、甲醛，測試未改質和鐵改質型觸媒在污染物狀態下之情況，以1m3 的玻璃箱在室溫下通入CO、甲醛，同時在氣相層析儀以針筒採樣分析
“Zero waste” strategy is gradually becoming a goal for many countries and it includes recycling of various forms of wastes, such as incinerator bottom ash, diatomite, sludges, and others. Carbon monoxide and formaldehyde are two indoor air pollutants frequently found in civilian houses, and techniques for their destructions deserve research study. The problem of these pollutants can be solved with photocatalytic oxidation using TiO2-based catalysts. The aim of our two-year proposal is to prepare various TiO2-based catalysts on porous lightweight aggregate (LWA) manufactured from recycling the aforementioned wastes. CO and HCHO pollutants in indoor air will be photocatalytically destructed with the TiO2-based catalysts on porous lightweight aggregate (LWA). The first year proposal is to synthesize home-made TiO2 nanocatalyst particles and successfully coat them on various porous LWA materials; the TiO2 coated on LWA (termed as “Ti/LWA”) will be characterized with various instrumental techniques including TGA/DSC, ICP-AES, XRD, SEM/EDS, XPS, BET, UV/VIS, and XAS. The air erosion rate of TiO2 off Ti/LWA will be tested under condition of changing air velocity and time. The sintering reaction will be carried out in a home-made heating unit. This unit can be freely changed in temperature-time history. Experimentally controlled parameters include sintering/bloating temperature, heating rate, heating time, bloating additives, flux composition, particle size distribution, etc. We have accumulated some research experience on preparing light-weight aggregate material from the sintering/bloating reactions of bottom sediment removed from water reservoir. The parameters for preparing TiO2 include solution pH, calcinations atmosphere (inert and oxidative), calcinations time and temperature, and heating rate for the calcinations, etc. The photocatalyst characteristics will be investigated using XRD to acquire catalyst crystalline forms, BET surface area meter to determine particle size and surface area, diffuse reflectance UV/Vis spectrometer to check the red-shifting possibility, SEM/EDS and TEM/EDS to examine catalyst morphology and dispersibility, XPS to study the shell elements and bonding, TGA/DSC to examine the effect of heating rate and final calcination temperature, synchrotron-based XAS to reveal the speciation and molecular environment of Ti target element. Abstract (Aug 1, 2010-Jul 31, 2011) Carbon monoxide and formaldehyde are two indoor air pollutants frequently found in civilian houses, and techniques for their destructions deserve research study. The problem of these pollutants can be solved with photocatalytic oxidation using TiO2-based catalysts. “Zero waste” strategy is gradually becoming a goal for many countries and it includes recycling of various forms of wastes, such as incinerator bottom ash, diatomite, sludges, and others. The aim of our two-year proposal is to prepare various TiO2-based catalysts on porous lightweight aggregate (LWA) manufactured from recycling the aforementioned wastes. During the second year research, first, we will synthesize home-made Fe-modified TiO2 nanocatalyst particles and successfully coat them on various porous LWA materials; the Fe -TiO2 coated on LWA (termed as “Fe-Ti/LWA”) will be characterized with various instrumental techniques including TGA/DSC, ICP-AES, XRD, SEM/EDS, XPS, BET, UV/VIS, and XAS. The air erosion rate of TiO2 off Ti/LWA will be tested under condition of changing air velocity and time. Secondly, photocatalytic destruction of two indoor air pollutants, carbon monoxide and formaldehyde, will be investigated with both Ti/LWA and Fe-Ti/LWA catalysts. The experimental parameters include power of indoor light irradiation, reaction time, pollutant concentration, ratio of Ti/pollutant, type of catalyst (Fe-doped and non-doped). A 1.0m3 glass chamber will be filled with CO- or HCHO-containing air at room temperature along with the Ti/LWA or Fe-Ti/LWA catalyst that will sit still in the chamber. The light will irradiate from the top place outside the chamber. The air inside can be stagnant or agitated with a number of magnetic stirrer. The time dependent pollutant concentrations in the chamber will be determined with a gas chromatograph. The chamber air will be sampled with a syringe sampler. |
