微小化鎳/儲氫合金電池之組裝與充放電性質

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题名:	微小化鎳/儲氫合金電池之組裝與充放電性質
其它题名:	Fabrication and Charge-Discharge Properties of Ni/MH Battery
作者:	鄭夙芬 Cheng, Sue-Fen
贡献者:	杜景順 Do, Jing-Shan 東海大學化學工程與材料工程學系
关键词:	微小化;鎳/儲氫合金;電池;組裝;充放電 micro;Ni/MH;Battery;Fabrication;Charge-Discharge
日期:	2000
上传时间:	2011-07-26T03:45:08Z (UTC)
摘要:	本論文基於鎳/儲氫合金電池具有低成本與技術成熟的特點，加上近年來電子元件趨於輕薄短小的時代潮流，故進行微小化鎳/儲氫合金電池的研究。首先以三種多孔性陶瓷基材做為微電池基材，其表面以厚膜與薄膜兩種方式製作電流收集器，之後以網版印刷方式製作正負電極，並於電極表面覆蓋環氧樹酯，含浸電解液後即完成微電池的製作。由於基材性質直接影響電池之特性，故先進行基材的材料、電性與電化學性質分析，利用ICP/AES與ICP/MS分析自製BP型陶瓷基材之原料BP陶土，結果發現其主成份與高嶺土相同。於TG/DTA之分析中發現，在488.3℃時有一吸熱波峰，此為高嶺土脫除結晶水，並生成變質高嶺土之反應，而在977.5℃的放熱波峰則是變質高嶺土反應形成尖晶石與白矽石。此外，於粗糙度量測過程中，發現自製之BP型基材表面最為粗糙，而商用之HE2424C陶瓷基材則有最大之孔隙度，其值為40.28％。組裝完成後之電池，改變電解液含浸置條件、充電電流、活性物質網印次數、纖維素添加量、電流收集器製作形式等變因，探討其對電池性能之影響。在電解液含浸置條件對微電池利用率影響之研究中，實驗結果發現，以泛液型抽氣浸置12小時所得之微電池利用率較高。增加電極活性物之網印次數可增加電極活性物之密度，進而提高電極之導電性，故利用率提高。在充電電流方面，則以0.1C充電時，可得最高之微電池利用率。以薄膜方式製備電流收集器，可使電解液之滲透率增加，故其電池之利用率高於厚膜式電流收集器。於電極中添加纖維素，除了可提高其含電解液量外，亦可因其彈性而吸收充放電過程之體積變化，故有助於利用率之提升，實驗結果發現，鎳極中添加纖維素由0％至4％，其利用率在4次充放電循環後，由41.15％增加至43.75％。利用最佳條件進行循環壽命的測試，實驗結果發現在第6個充放電循環的利用率最高，可達63.07％。 The preparation and characteristics of micro-Ni/MH battery were studied in this thesis due to the low-cost and mature technology of Ni/MH battery, and the compact trend of electronic element. First, three kinds of porous ceramic plate were used as the substrates of micro battery. Using thick film technology, the electroactive materials were printed on the current collectors that were prepared by the thick and thin films technologies, respectively. Finally, the electrodes were covered with epoxy and then impregnated with the electrolyte. The physic, electric and electrochemical properties of ceramic substrate were first analyzed due to the characteristics of micro-Ni/MH affected by these properties. The main component of BP pot earth used to fabricate the BP ceramic substrate was kaolinite proved by the ICP/AES and ICP/MS analysis. The reaction of the endothermic peak in 488.3 oC of TG/DTA analysis was considered as the dehydroxylation of kaolinite to be metakaolin. Furthermore, the exothermic peak in 977.5 oC was the transformation of metakaolin to be spinel and cristobalite. The most roughness of the ceramic substrates was BP ceramic prepared in this work, and the maximum porosity was found in the commercial HE2424C substrate as 40.28%. The effect of the electrolyte impregnation, the charge current, the number of printing electroactive materials, the amount of cellulose added in the electroactive materials, and the method of preparation of current collector on the characteristics of the preparing micro-Ni/MH prepared were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the higher utilization of micro-Ni/MH was found when the battery was impregnated by the flooding-suction method for 12 h. Increasing the number of screen printing processes the density of electroactive materials and the conductivity of the electrode increased, and the utilization of micro-Ni/MH was hence increased. In the study of the effect of charging current on the utilization of micro-Ni/MH revealed that the maximum utilization was obtained when 0.1 C was applied to charge the battery. Comparing with the thick film technology the permeability of ceramic substrate was promoted and the utilization of micro-Ni/MH increased when the thin film technology was used to prepare current collector on the substrate. When cellulose was added into the electroactive materials, the content of electrolyte in the electroactive materials and the tolerance of the volume change in the charge-discharge process increased, and then the utilization of micro-Ni/MH increased. The experimental results indicated that the utilization of micro-Ni/MH for 4th cycle charge-discharge increased from 41.15% to 43.75% with the addition of cellulose from 0% to 4%. Using optimal conditions, the maximum utilization of battery was found to be 63.07% in the cycle life test.
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