| Abstract: | 台中縣新移民女性使用子女教養資源的經驗與滿意度之研究【摘要】隨著時代變遷，近年來，臺灣地區跨國婚姻現象已十分普及。如果能夠給與新移民女性充足的教養子女資源，解決其養育子女的困境，使之擁有較多一些資源，將有助於維護其身體健康、確保提昇其生活適應能力、滿足其家庭需求，讓新臺灣之子與國人無論在身體健康或教育機會上有同樣的起跑點，使這些臺灣社會未來一股新勢力的「新臺灣之子」能夠順利平安健康快樂長大，成為臺灣文化新血輪！截至2010年6月底止，臺中縣新移民女性總數已達25,990人，居全國總數排名第5名，本研究採量化研究方法，採立意抽樣方式進行。研究對象為內政部入出國及移民署臺中縣服務站、臺中縣轄內地區性的山、海、屯區外籍配偶家庭服務中心、臺中縣各外籍配偶輔導服務單位、國小外籍配偶識字班所服務的個案及國中小學新移民女性家長，還有進入鄰里社區所發掘的個案進行研究調查。本研究計發出424份問卷，針對剩餘之177份有效問卷進行分析，並將結果加以陳述，有效回收率為41.74％，經由SPSS for WINDOWS 12.0版進行各項統計資料分析，分析後得到以下結論，新移民女性有以下狀況：一、對於子女教養問題現況感受為中等程度，只有半數不到的受訪者對於六成的研究煩惱問題感受到煩惱，且其基本人口特質在「國籍」、「外配身分」、「陸配身分」、「工作狀態」、「年齡」、「來臺年數」及「家庭收入」等變項上與問題感受之間有顯著差異性存在。二、偏好使用對於孩子健康與發展直接相關的資源，且其基本人口特質在「國籍」、「外配身分」、「工作狀態」、「健康情形」、「年齡」、「城鄉別」及「教育程度」等變項上與子女教養社會資源的使用有顯著差異性存在。三、對於孩子健康與發展有所助力的資源，多數願意部份負擔費用，且其基本人口特質在「國籍」、「外配身分」、「陸配身分」、「工作狀態」、「年齡」、「城鄉別」及「教育程度」等變項上與子女教養社會資源的使用有顯著差異性存在。四、對於提供的資訊是正確可以信賴的服務滿提供狀況認同度較高，且其基本人口特質在「外配身分」、「婚姻情形」、「年齡」、「城鄉別」及「來臺年數」等變項上與子女教養社會資源服務提供狀況有顯著差異性存在。五、對於孩子健康與照護資源使用的滿意度高，且其基本人口特質在「國籍」、「外配身分」、「陸配身分」、「工作狀態」、「婚姻情形」、「健康情形」、「年齡」、「城鄉別」及「教育程度」等變項上與子女教養社會資源使用的滿意度有顯著差異性存在。六、對於提供訊息的正確性和能夠說明解答所詢問的問題的服務滿意度較高，且其基本人口特質在「外配身分」及「婚姻情形」、「年齡」及「城鄉別」等變項上與子女教養資源使用服務滿意度有顯著差異性存在。七、對於服務態度良好的整體服務滿意度較高，且其基本人口特質在「國籍」、「外配身分」、「婚姻情形」及「城鄉別」等變項上與子女教養資源使用服務滿意度有顯著差異性存在。八、在子女教養社會資源使用的經驗與滿意度之間具有部分高度相關存在。依據研究結果，針對政府部門、社會資源服務提供者及其他研究者提供建議。希望有助於協助新移民女性使用子女教養資源、增進使用滿意度。建議如下：一、 對政府部門之建議（一） 對內政體系的建議：主要是移民、社會福利兩方面1、對移民署的建議：統整資源，提供全面性在地照顧。2、對社政單位的建議：加強訊息傳遞並廣設服務據點。（二）對衛生體系的建議：加強衛生保健宣導並進入社區提供在地服務。（三）對教育體系的建議：主要是政策擬定、學校單位兩方面 1、對政策擬定的建議：以生活適應為優先，兼顧多元文化，不妨考慮取消國小課後照顧班改辦課後安親或補習費用補助。 2、對學校單位建議：分級分階授課，確實掌握學習進度，提升學習效果。二、對社會資源服務提供者之建議（一）對外配輔導中心、關懷據點及社團等服務「單位」的建議 1、以家庭為整體的服務主體。 2、發展多元創新方案。 3、深耕進階服務內容，延伸服務的深度及廣度。（二）對服務「提供者」的建議 1、提高服務熱忱、充實自身專業知能。 2、重視案主感受，確實以案主最佳利益為優先，主動提供整合性資源。三、對其他研究者之建議（一）調查問卷加註「注音」。（二）研究者最好親訪。（三）訪談或問卷調查時間要充裕。
Research on the Experience and Satisfaction of Resources for Education and Upbringing for the Children of New Immigrant Mothers in Taichung CountyAbstract In recent years, changing along with the times, interracial marriage has become a common phenomenon. Providing adequate resources for immigrant women will help solve the difficulties immigrant women face in raising and educating children. The increase in resources available will in turn improve health and satisfy the basic household needs of immigrant women, as well as allow them to adapt to their new living environment. This gives the “new generation of Taiwanese children” an equal footing as native Taiwanese children in education and welfare, allowing them to grow up healthily and happily as a crucial part of the new generation in the Taiwanese society.As of the end of June 2010, immigrant women living in Taichung County totaled 25,990 people, a number which ranked 5th on the national scale. The research data was collected through the use of purposive sampling and quantification. The data analyzed was obtained through various government agencies and institutions including the Taizhong branch office of the Immigration Agency, foreign family service center in the greater Taizhong area, foreign family counseling and service centers, as well as individual cases in Taizhong. A total of 424 surveys were distributed, with 177 copies of the survey considered valid and thus used in the data analysis. The effective survey response rate was 41.74%. Data obtained through the survey was analyzed using SPSS for WINDOWS version 12.0. The following conclusions regarding immigrant spouses were reached after the data analysis. 1.) Immigrant spouses consider the problems with the current child education and welfare situation to be moderate, and less than half of the immigrant spouses surveyed experience difficulty with more than 60% of the problems listed in the research. Factors including nationality, foreign status, work status, age, years spent in Taiwan, and income yielded distinct differences and opinions regarding the aforementioned problems.2.) Immigrant spouses prefer resources that directly relate to the children’s welfare and development. Factors including nationality, foreign status, work status, health condition, age, place of residence and degree of education yielded distinct differences regarding the use of available resources for children’s education.3.) Most Immigrant spouses are willing to pay for resource beneficial to child welfare and development if the resource expenses are partially covered. Factors including nationality, foreign status, work status, age, place of residence and degree of education yielded distinct differences regarding the use of available resources for children’s education.4.) There is a higher degree of approval in the reliability of information and services for immigrant spouses. Factors including foreign status, marriage status, age, place of residence, and years spent in Taiwan contribute to the distinct differences in the resources and services provided for children of foreign spouses.5.) Children’s welfare resource use and availability earned high approval ratings from foreign spouses. Factors including nationality, foreign status, work status, marriage status, health status, age, place of residence, and degree of education yielded apparent differences in the satisfactory ratings of resources available to foreign spouses for children’s welfare and development.6.) High approval ratings are given to social services which provide reliable information and prompt responses to inquiries. Factors including foreign status, marriage status, age, and place of residence yielded apparent differences in the satisfactory ratings of resources available to foreign spouses for children’s welfare and development.7.) Overall, foreign spouses expressed satisfaction regarding the attitude and manners of service representatives. Factors including nationality, foreign status, marriage status, and place of residence yielded apparent differences in the satisfactory ratings of resources available to foreign spouses for children’s welfare and development.8.) Experiences with the usage of available resources for children’s welfare are positively correlated to the satisfactory ratings of social services. Using data obtained from the research, suggestions have been drawn for government agencies, organizations providing social services, and other researchers in hopes that the suggestions will help improve the service quality and increase the resources available for immigrant spouses and their family. The suggestions are listed below:1.) Suggestions for government agenciesA. Domestic policies should focus on immigration and social welfare.i. The Immigration Agency should focus on integrating resources to aid immigrants in Taiwan with difficulties in their daily lives.ii. Government agencies should establish more immigrant service centers as well as improve communication with immigrants.B. Health policies should focus on promoting health care and establishing service centers in communities.C. Education policies should focus on policy development and schools.i. Policy development should aim to let immigrants adjust to their new environment, conserve cultural diversity. An example would be to establish afterschool classes for children of immigrants or to subsidize the cost for cram school.ii. Separate students into classes according to their proficiency in different subjects in order to ensure they can keep up with the classes in school.2.) Suggestions for social service organizations A. Immigrant counseling centers, service centers, and social organizationsi. The service provided should be centered on families.ii. Develop diverse and innovative plans.iii. Expand the programs and services available.B. Social workersi. Dedicate themselves to the services they provide, as well as increase professional knowledge.ii. Respect the individuals seeking aid and set their interests as the main priority. Offer information and available resources voluntarily.3.) Suggestions for researchersA. Use “zhuyin” in questionnaires for surveysB. Researchers should conduct surveys face to face.C. Ample amount of time should be given for interviews and surveys. |
