Abstract: | 企業如何才能創造出持續性之競爭優勢?一直是策略管理領域研究的熱門話題。從由外而內來思考企業所處產業環境的競爭優勢分析(Porter, 1980; Spanos and Lioukas, 2001),或是關注企業內部專屬資源的資源基礎觀點(Wernerfelt, 1984, 1989; Barney, 1991),到思考企業快速配置資源以應對變動之動態能力理論(Winter, 1987; Teece, 2007),都企圖回答這個問題。 本研究透過文獻探討了解理論之內涵後,欲建立出更具信度及效度之動態能力量表,並驗證此一理論模式。本研究主要採下列三種方式來進行:一、以縱斷面之角度分析動態能力理論於策略管理領域中的地位及其內涵,並依此推論出動態能力構面之觀察指標。二、量化過去僅依靠邏輯性分析的內容效度,透過學者對於問項效度的評分,計算各題之Aiken內容效度係數及同質性信度係數,作為問項是否具有內容效度的客觀標準,刪除專家認為不具內容效度之問項後,形成最後之動態能力量表。三、採用結構方程模式(SEM)驗證量表之信度與效度。四、透過不同構面來對動態能力進行探索。 經由42位國內策略管理學者之內容效度評鑑,本研究所發展之51題問項,僅有2題項內容效度不顯著,予以刪除後形成正式之動態能力量表。將動態能力量表施測台灣經濟新報所提供一千大企業,以SEM驗證動態能力理論模式。結果證實本研究所建構之動態能力測量模式與資料適配,所發展之觀察指標可以有效、一致地衡量潛在變項。綜合上述本研究依據Teece(2007)發展出「察覺機會」、「抓住機會」及「重新配置」等三大構面之觀察指標,建構出一具優良內容效度、收斂效度及信度之動態能力量表,並驗證了此一理論模式。 How can firms create sustainable competitiveness? This question has long been the hottest issue in the field of strategic management. From the theory of competitive advantage(Porter, 1980; Spanos and Lioukas, 2001), an “outside-in” perspective to first consider the industry environment which firms lie in, resources-based view(Wernerfelt, 1984, 1989; Barney, 1991), an “inside-outpe” rspective which concern the specific resources and capabilities of firms to dynamic capability theory(Winter, 1987; Teece et al., 1997)which consider the flexible capability to reconfigure resources and capabilities to response the dynamic environment are theories with multiple perspectives trying to answer this question.Our research has three different points in methodology from past researches. First, we adapt the perspectives of cross and vertical section to analysis the position of dynamic capability theory in the field of strategic management and its true meaning. Based on the result of deep literature review, we develop the observed variables of the dimensions of dynamic capability. Second, we quantify the content validity. By gathering the validity rating of scholars of each question, we calculate the Aiken content validity coefficient s and homogeneity reliability coefficients, which can be objective standard for us to decide if each question is valid. After deleting those invalid questions, we form our dynamic capability scale. Third, We adapt the statistic technique of structural equation model to test the construct validity and reliability.We gather 42 scholars’ validity rating of 51 questions that we develop. After calculating the Aiken content validity coefficients and homogeneity reliability coefficients, we form the final dynamic capability scale after deleting 2 invalid questions. We then use the scale to measure the dynamic capability of firms. We conclude that the measurement model of dynamic capability that we develop do fit the data that we collect, which means all the observed variables that we develop can measure the latent variable effectively and consistently. So at last our research has developed a dynamic capability scale with reliability, content validity and construct validity. |