際此全球性經濟競爭及批量(batch)加工與製造自動化之新趨勢，使得機具設備在 生產系統中扮演的角色更形重要。誠如Fabrycky 及 Blanchard(1991)指出：95% 的機具設 備的壽命週期成本決定於設計階段，壽命週期成本乃涵蓋壽命週期中所發生的各項成本。 因此，早期的機具設備的設計管理愈來愈顯其重要性。在傳統的設計階段裡只單方面強調 可靠度設計或成本設計，而導致顧此失彼浪費資源之現象。鑑此，本文論及在開發設計階 段中將系統可靠度與壽命週期成本同時列入研究-同步設計(concurrent design)，藉以提升 此套系統機具設備的競爭力。 在本文裡，主要的系統方法包括"模式建立"與"互易(trade-off)分析"兩部分。"模式 建立 " 主要由多重選擇背包問題之模式 (multiple knapsack problem model) 構成。可靠 度與壽命週期成本之間 " 互易分析 " 是透過上述模式列題， 再應用動態規劃 (dynamic programming) 的解法得知其介面關係。 運用上述的方法，我們很容得知製造系統裡最佳的 機具設備組成結構 (configuration)。 In cellular manufacturing, equipment is becoming an essential ingredient for competitiveness. Fabrycky and Blanchard (1991) indicated that virtually 95% of equipment life cycle cost is determined at the design stage. Therefore, early equipment management-equipment development and design will be increasingly important in years to come. This paper presents a concurrent design mode of reliability and cost at the equipment design stage. Concurrent design for bringing competitive equipment into being must simultaneously consider both the reliability and cost to enhance the profitability. The cost of equipment should embrace the entire life cycle phases of research and development, manufacturing (or purchasing), operation, maintenance, and disposal. In this paper, the methodology consists of two sections of modeling and analysis: model formulation for reliability and life cycle cost, and trade-off analysis between reliability and life cycle cost. The "multiple knapsack problem" is developed in the first section. The trade-off analysis between reliability and life cycle cost is performed in the second section. Through the modeling and analysis, one is able to select an optimal equipment configuration for a manufacturing system.
