公共展覽空間尋路系統之研究-以國立自然科學博物館為例

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Title:	公共展覽空間尋路系統之研究-以國立自然科學博物館為例
Other Titles:	A Research of Wayfinding System in Public Exhibition Space－Case Studies on The National Museum of Natural Science
Authors:	林哲弘 Lin, Che-Hung
Contributors:	陳明石 Chen, Ming-Shih 東海大學工業設計學系
Keywords:	公共展覽空間;通用設計;尋路系統;尋路行為 Public Exhibition Space;Universal Design;Way-finding systems;Way-finding behavior
Date:	2012
Issue Date:	2013-01-02T02:31:55Z (UTC)
Abstract:	參觀公共展覽空間的民眾，透過「展示」的學習媒介，達到教育、知識傳遞的目的；而滿足不同族群在公共展覽空間中的使用需求，增加人們在公共展覽空間尋路行為的效率，進而達到知識的有效傳遞，則是本研究探討之目的。台灣國立自然科學博物館位於台中，為台灣首屈一指的學術、文物等的收藏寶庫與展示教育空間，同時也為東南亞區重要且知名的博物館。參觀民眾可於其中自行參與並理解展示的內容，讓所有的觀眾不分年齡、族群、性別皆可在此獲得獨特的學習經驗。而為了使觀眾能舒適、自由地參觀，並提昇科博館的國際化水準，風格明確且方便使用的尋路系統無疑可拉近觀眾與環境的冷漠感，並達到最佳效益的行銷宣傳。本研究以台灣台中自然科學博物館為研究調查對象；首先透過相關文獻的蒐集與整理，了解尋路系統、尋路行為及公共展覽館之間的相互關係，並擬定本研究定位。接著進行第一階段的現況調查，內容包括︰以自然觀察法觀察並分析科博館各樓層空間規劃特性，及館內指標數量、樣式與內容；並透過非參與式觀察來了解使用者的實際參觀過程；及使用問卷調查釐清與掌握使用者於科博館中尋路時，在搜尋資訊及進行決策所面臨到的問題點與困擾。最後根據現況調查的結果為基礎，分別針對科博館內的工作人員及一般參觀民眾進行一對一的訪談，來了解雙方對於科博館現有尋路系統的看法，並以口語協定分析法分析。由實驗調查結果可發現科博館現有的尋路系統設計確實存在不少待改善的問題點，因此本研究透過通用設計的導入，提出了六項科博館尋路系統的設計準則︰(1)泛用性、(2)易理解、(3)自明性、(4)美觀性、(5)親切性、(6)安全性；及現有問題點的改善建議，希冀藉此能提供未來相關研究及設計做為參考。 National Museum of Natural Science in Taichung, Taiwan is a prestigious and prominent museum in Southeast Asia. Exhibition plays an important role for people to contact information directly to achieve the purpose of education and knowledge transfer, which is highly required nowadays in this rapidly changing world. Therefore, the Way-finding system for the display environment should meet the different needs of users and the planning principles should base on users’ experience. Importing The Universal Design concept into the planning is particularly crucial, Because of the Way-finding system provides guidance and the means to help people feeling at ease in their surroundings. By grasping the needs of different ethnic groups of users, the information would be accessed effectively, extensively and produce excellent results.In this research, first is to collect and collate the relevant literature, to understand and find the relationship between the Way-finding system, Way-finding behavior and the public exhibition space. Second, classify all signage inside the Museum of Natural Science in Taichung, Taiwan by doing field research and define its advantages and disadvantages. The field research is based on Natural Observation Method, observe the way-finding behavior of the visitors on site; and record the characteristics of the behavior; analysis the data from the result of field observation without prejudice of the existing condition. Base on the analysis; clearly define the different survey questions through information searching and decision-making for different ethnic groups. All the information above serves as the basis for the next phase, which is the questionnaire. Based on the results of the questionnaire, we interviewed the staffs and visitors by Natural Observation Method.The results of the research show that the Way-finding system of the Museum of Natural Science in Taichung, Taiwan must be improved, therefore, this research provide 6 design principles which are (1) Universal (2) Easy to understand (3) Characteristic (4) Artistic (5) Friendly (6) Safety and recommendations to the signage design and way-finding system in the Museum of Natural Science in Taichung, Taiwan.
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