本研究主要是探討幼兒園教師「多元自我概念」與「生命意義」的相關研究，研究依據Maslow（1969）之六大需求階層理論，以及Higgins（1987）真實我與理想我之差異理論為根據。探討研究對象在靈性需求相對於其他生理與心理的需求，與生命意義有更高的關聯；研究同時假設，相較於真實自我，理想我的成分與個人意義之間有更高的關係；準此，研究假設研究對象在靈性我的理想與願景，是能夠有效預測個人生命意義感的主要變項。本研究係以中華民國零歲教育發展協會全省理事、監事及會員所設立之幼兒園園內之教師為研究對象。問卷共發出290份，其中有效問卷為247份。研究以「個人資料問卷」方式來收集受訪者的基本變項資料，並依年齡、學歷、任教年資、婚姻狀態、宗教信仰及家庭經濟狀況等資料，並結合研究工具多元自我概念量表、生活目標量表、生命意義感量表、個人意義型態量表等相關資料。研究結果發現在控制了個人變項，與真實自我之後，理想我能夠顯著地增加對於生命意義的預測力，顯示個人在靈性層面的動機、需求與願景是個人建構生命意義的一個重要的成分。根據以上之研究結果，研究者提出幾項具體可行之建議，以供國內、外相關研究之參考。 The main purpose of this research is to study the relationships between personal needs and the meaning of life of kindergarten and nursery school teachers. Based upon the needs hierarchy theory (Maslow, 1969) and self discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987), it was hypothesized that Ideal self is better predictors, compared to actual self, of the perceived meaningfulness of life. It was also predicted that needs high in hierarchy (e.g., spiritual need) are better predictors of one’s perceived life meaningfulness. As the combination of the above two hypotheses, the ideal self within the spiritual need domain is the essential predictor of the meaning of life.The respondents of this research are the teachers in kindergarten and nursery school which were the members of Republic of China zero-year-old Development Association. The questionnaires have been sent out 290 copies; 247 of them were valid. Data regarding personal information, physical, psychological, and spiritual needs within the domain of actual and ideal self, and various aspects of meaning of life were collected and analyzed. Research results showed a positive relationship between The Spiritual Self and the Meaning of Life. In addition it was the spiritual need within the domain of ideal life which has achieved the predictive power of meaning of life. According to above mentioned results of this research, researcher proposed some specific and practicable suggestion to offer domestic and overseas related study for reference.
