蓮華池森林動態樣區葉功能特徵之空間分布

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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://140.128.103.80:8080/handle/310901/20266

Title:	蓮華池森林動態樣區葉功能特徵之空間分布
Other Titles:	Spatial distribution of leaf functional traits in the Lienhuachih Forest Dynamics Plot
Authors:	楊雅婷 Yang, Yating
Contributors:	林宜靜 Lin, Yiching 東海大學生命科學系
Keywords:	空間分布;物種共存;環境篩選假說 spatial patterns;species coexistence;habitat filtering hypothesis
Date:	2012
Issue Date:	2013-01-02T09:02:02Z (UTC)
Abstract:	瞭解物種共存機制為群聚生態學的重要議題，尤其，植物之空間分布已被廣泛利用於檢測物種共存機制。然而，過去針對於植物空間分布研究，多偏重於植物數量於空間上的差異，甚少有研究討論植物功能特徵的空間分布，因而難以瞭解植物對於資源利用的空間差異。共存理論中，關於植物特徵的假說有二：棲地篩選假說（habitat filtering hypothesis）與限制相似性假說（limiting similarity）。本研究之目的在於檢測環境篩選過程是否發生於具有高度環境異質性的蓮華池森林。我提出三個預測：（1）葉功能特徵具有顯著的空間自相關；（2）棲地內葉功能特徵，並非隨機組合，葉功能特徵之平均值顯著偏離逢機組合且變異小於逢機；（3）葉功能特徵之空間分布與環境因子呈現顯著相關。本實驗於蓮華池森林動態樣區內進行，採集木本植物之陽葉，並測量葉功能特徵，包括：比葉面積、葉厚度、葉乾物質含量、葉面積、碳氮比與氮磷比。我使用全域莫林指數（Global Moran’s I）檢測空間分布是否顯著，並使用重複排列檢定法（permutation test）進行分析。自2009年至2011年二月，我共收集來自130物種828棵樹之葉片2396片。結果顯示，葉功能特徵之空間分布具有顯著的空間自相關，空間自相關發生的尺度約為21.5-72.4公尺。重複排列檢定法之結果顯示，在不同類型的棲地內，葉功能特徵之平均值顯著偏離逢機組合，其變異小於逢機。廣義最小平方迴歸（generalized least squares regressions, GLS）顯示，葉功能特徵與地形、土壤因子均呈顯著關係。如此，本實驗支持環境篩選假說，顯示高環境歧異度的臺灣低海拔森林中，環境因子對其共存機制扮演決定性的角色。未來建議加入共存物種的遺傳距離進行分析，以進一步解釋物種共存的機制。 Understanding mechanisms of species coexistence is one of the most important themes in community ecology. Spatial distributions of plants have been widely applied to explain the theories of species coexistence. Previous studies, however, have emphasized differences in species abundance. Only few studies have documented spatial patterns of plant functional traits and link trait distributions with spatial variability in resource acquisition among coexisting species. Two hypotheses, habitat filtering and limiting similarity hypotheses, are proposed to explain the spatial pattern of functional traits for coexisting species. In this study, I used a trait-based approach to investigate whether the habitat filtering process occurs in a spatially heterogeneous forest in Taiwan. Three predictions were examined in this study. First, there is spatial autocorrelation of leaf functional traits. Second, plant functional traits within a habitat are similar and differ from random combinations. Third, the distributions of functional traits are correlated with environmental factors. This study was carried out in the 25 hectare of the Lienhuachih Forest Dynamics Plot. For each woody species, three leaves of the six smallest individuals were collected. Six leaf functional traits were measured, including specific leaf area (SLA), leaf thickness (TH), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf area (LA), carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) and nitrogen to phosphorus ratio (N/P). Global Moran’s I was used to detect spatial autocorrelation of leaf functional traits and permutation tests were applied determine if the distribution of functional traits deviate from randomness. From February 2009 to February 2011, 2396 leaves samples from 828 small individuals of 130 species were collected. The results indicated that the detectable spatial patterns exist for six leaf traits, and spatial autocorrelation occurs at spatial scales of 21.5 - 72.4 m. Such spatial patterns were significantly different from the random combinations. Finally, our GLS models (generalized least squares regressions) showed that leaf functional traits were significantly correlated with topographic and soil factors. Our analyses suggested the importance of environment filtering in the Lienhuachih forest. In the future, phylogenetic relationships among species may be added in the analysis to further explore mechanisms of species coexistence in the Lienhuachih forest.
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