| Abstract: | 地被植物多生長低矮，莖葉密佈、並具有蔓生、易拓殖等特性，易將地表遮蓋覆滿，為綠化工程收尾時之重要項目。本研究針對台中地區公園綠地之地被植物進行實地現況調查與評估，調查地點優先選擇地被植物種類較多之8處公園綠地。環境方面則調查日照比例、土壤酸鹼度、土壤水分度；植物則調查株高、生長習性等；另針對地被植物之選取條件進行評估，包括：覆蓋度、生長活力度、枝葉均質性、維護管理度、綠美化度等。目的乃瞭解台中市公園及綠地之地被植物種類、及其生長狀況等，提供台中市未來規劃設計公園綠地之地被植物選擇、配置及提升維護管理素質的參考。研究結果發現較常種植的地被植物除禾草科草類外，南美蟛蜞菊、矮仙丹、黃金葉金露花、細葉雪茄花、蔓花生等，亦常出現於多個公園綠地。地被植物種類共計調查25種，其中以科博館為最多有11種，其維護管理狀況較優，可能與較充裕之經費有關；其次為台中公園。其它6處公園之地被植物之種類皆少於6種，顯示地被植物被應用之種類數目不多，未來可多嘗試其他適合台中市之地被植物種類。地被植物應用最多者為南美蟛蜞菊(5公園、14樣區)，其次為矮仙丹(4公園、8樣區)、細葉雪茄花(3公園、8樣區)，至於不同光度環境下的生長表現，各植物間出現明顯差異，南美蟛蜞菊於全日照環境，植珠呈匍匐狀生長、且開花度較高；但於日照不足之陰暗樹蔭下，植株呈直立性之徒長現象、少見開花。調查發現光照強度會影響地被植物之開花度，例如：矮仙丹、蔓花生與絡石等，對照於強光下之盛花狀況，其於陰暗環境甚至完全不開花。玉龍草則顯示於極陰暗環境表現較佳，呈現漂亮之暗綠色彩，優於全日照環境出現之焦黃斑色。冀望本研究結果能提供未來地被植物於適合環境選種之參考。
Vegetation is an important project in afforesting due to the characteristics of growing low, covering densely, rambling and colonizing. This paper focused on the vegetation in eight parks, where were chosen preferentially for their vegetation diversity in Taichung area, to conduct field status survey and evaluation. In this paper, the environmental investigating targets are: Insolation, Soil pH and Soil Moisture. Height, growth habits and other factors are the targets for investigating. In addition, the criteria of chosen vegetation are evaluated in different dimensions, including: coverage, growth activity responses, homogeneity of branches and leaves, maintenance and management and greenification. This paper aims to explore the types and growing conditions of vegetation in parks of Taichung City, providing consequences as references for planning, designing, locating and enhancing the qualities of management for parks in the future. The consequences of this paper shows despite the Poaceae vegetation is the most planted, Wedelia trilobata, Ixora x williamsii Hort, Duranta repens cv. 'Gloden leaves', Cuphea hyssopifolia, Arachis duranensis and others are also discovered as vegetation in several parks. There are total twenty-five species of vegetation plants founded in field survey. Eleven types of vegetation are discovered in National Museum of Natural Science, where the most species are founded. The management conditions at the Museum are better than others, which assumed to be related with much more budget on maintaining. The numbers of vegetation plants in Taichung Park are second than National Museum of Natural Science. The numbers of vegetation plants in rest six parks are less than six, which suggests the local government can try to grow more suitable vegetation species due to there are only few species in the parks. The most grown specie is Wedelia trilobata (found in 5 parks, 14 sample regions), second is Ixora x williamsii Hort (found in 4 parks, 8 sample regions) and Cuphea hyssopifolia (found in 3 parks, 8 sample regions). There are significant differences of growing among the plants under different light environmental conditions. For examples, Wedelia trilobata creeps and grows on the ground while living under a full-sun environment, and also blooms higher. On the other hand, for ones which grow under shade of trees, the plants are upward and seldom bloom. The study shows illumination intensity can influence the flowering rate. For instances, Ixora x williamsii Hort, Arachis duranensis and Trachelospermum jasminoides bloom more when growing under full-sun. On contrary, they flower none when they are under dark environment. On the other hand, Ophiopogon japonicus cv . ‘Nanus’ grows better in dark environment instead of a bright one. They grow a beautiful dark-green color under the shades, which is much better than the dry-yellow color they grow under the sun. It will be appreciated if the consequences of this study can be offered as reference for providing suitable places for growing vegetations in the future. |
