| Abstract: | 隨著生態環境每況愈下與可用資源之驟減，現今企業經營必須兼顧成本與對環境的影響。然而企業經營卻勢必帶來環境的衝擊，因此如何同步考量經濟與環境層面已成為企業經營的一大難題。近期已有許多產業藉由回收與重製退役產品有效減少對環境的衝擊與避免資源匱乏的風險。永續能源產業近幾年亦篷勃發展，台灣尤以太陽能電池產業在技術面與產業鏈發展上都位居領先，再者2015年將有第一批退役產品回到市場，產業即將面臨逆向物流之決策與規劃問題。有鑑於此，本計畫將針對矽晶太陽能電池產業，發展永續且穩健的(Sustainable and Robust)供應鏈設計與生產規劃模式，預期提供產業完整的“整合性綠色供應鏈之設計與規劃建議”，作為企業決策?考依據。本計畫預計分三年進行：第一年為發展逆物流設計模式，決定逆物流成員之位址選擇與物流量配置，並分析回收通路對總成本的影響；第二年為發展整合性綠色供應鏈設計模式，以二氧化碳約當量(CO2e)為環境衝擊的評估指標；第三年提出多廠區訂單分配與滿足模式，以利潤最大化(或成本最小化)與碳排放量最小化為目標。本計畫將應用穩健最佳化(Robust Optimization)方法建構原物料供給與需求不確定模式，搭配求解效益較高的搜尋演算法(如：Particle Swarm Optimization; PSO)，以提高模式於產業實際應用的可行性。
Enterprises nowadays must give consideration to the operational cost and the influence to environment, because worse and worse of the ecological environment and available resources have diminished suddenly. However, the operation of an enterprise will unavoidably impact the environment, so how to simultaneously consider the environmental and economic factors has become a serious managing problem. In recent years, several industries have decreased the influence to the environment and resources insufficient by recovering and remanufacturing the end of life products. Recently, the development of the sustainable energy industry is thriving, in Taiwan, the solar cells industry has developed well in manufacturing technology and the industry supply chain especially. Furthermore, the product life of solar cells is around 25 years and the end of life products will gradually occur from 2015; the solar cells industry needs to sincerely concern how to effectively design and plan its reverse logistics. Therefore, the objective of this research is to develop an integrated green supply chain design and planning model, with the characteristics of sustainability and robustness, for the crystalline silicon solar cells industry. This project is over three years: the first year, we will build the reverse logistics structure design model for the decision of location selection and the allocation of flow quantity between factories, moreover, the influence of recycle channel to the total cost will be analyzed; the second year, we will develop the integrated green supply chain design model in which the carbon emission to the environmental impact is selected as the performance index; the third year, a multi-sites order allocation and order fulfillment model with a multi-objective function of maximum profit (or minimum cost) and minimum carbon emission, will be developed. This research project will conduct the optimization model with uncertain parameters (e.g., uncertain supply and demand quantity in recycling) by employing the robust optimization (RO) approach. For ensuring the application in practice, we will apply the searching algorithms with high efficiency and effectiveness (such as particle swarm optimization, PSO) to solve the proposed model. |
