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http://140.128.103.80:8080/handle/310901/24535
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Title: | 創新的臺灣:臺灣企業發展與生產網絡-從協力網絡到垂直整合?臺灣製造產業全球競爭策略之轉型 |
Other Titles: | From Production Network to Vertical Integration:The Transformation of Global Competitive Strategy in Taiwanese Firms |
Authors: | 陳介玄,陳介玄 CHEN, CHIEH-HSUAN |
Contributors: | 東海大學社會學系 行政院國家科學委員會 |
Date: | 2012 |
Issue Date: | 2014-03-07T07:22:15Z (UTC)
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Abstract: | 隨著全球金融風暴及歐債危機的深化,台灣中小企業在出口上,遭受越來越嚴峻的考驗。中小企業在這個情境下,能否擺脫過去賴以成功的代工模式,開始面對新的創新及企業價值建構模式,是本文關心的課題。就歷史來看,台灣中小企業一直處在全球產業變遷最前沿的位置。民國七十年到九零年代的全球代工時代,中小企業確實有著亮麗的表現。然而,從最近出口衰退的事實而言,台灣中小企業似乎沒有跟上全球產業發展的步伐。台灣中小企業過去優勢的喪失,是一個表面問題或是一個本質問題,也是本文想釐清的課題。在新的全球化的競爭架構下,台灣中小企業真正的出路又在哪裡?是我們在本文所要回答的問題。 企業不斷要面臨生存的挑戰,不斷適應環境的變遷提出有利企業生存的策略與作法。從最近我們的田野調查,看到許多中小企業已默默的在改變其經營模式。本文首先討論台灣中小企業外部環境變化的實質意義與影響。中國大陸及東南亞國家的崛起是這個外部環境的第一個探討重點。隨著中國大陸及東南亞國家的產業發展,台灣中小企業代工的機會已面臨嚴峻的挑戰。台灣中小企業如何找到代工之外的發展模式,是我們要探討的課題。第二,外部環境變化的重點,來自於2008年美國金融風暴,以及最近歐債危機所引發的問題。歐美的金融危機說明的不是金融體系本身的問題而已,它牽連的是整個福利國家體制及資本主義運作系統的改變,台灣出口產業之所以面臨衝擊,是因為這整個產業及社會結構出了問題,台灣中小企業該如何因應是我們要研討的另一個課題。 其次,本文要探討在面對這些外部環境的挑戰下,台灣中小企業的調適與因應之道就是往品牌發展。可是品牌這個終極目標是要經過艱辛漫長的過程才能完成。因此,中小企業如何在資源有限的前提下,進行企業經營模式的改造,使其具備新的競爭力,才是真正的重要課題。在這個發展過程,我們從田野中看到,中小企業在進行,從「價格發展模式」到「價值發展模式」的轉換。簡單而言,過去代工所要爭取的是從下單國外買主所願意付出的商品生產價格中賺到一定的價格差額。在這個模式下,價格的決定者來自於擁有市場的國外買主。現代台灣中小企業要努力的,則不是從代工的價格差額取得利潤,而是從商品在社會市場中所體現的價值取得利潤,因此,企業必須自己面對市場,並從市場的回饋機制取得定價的能力。本文嘗試以田野的個案說明這個發展。 最後,本文想探討上述中小企業「價值發展模式」的社會條件為何?從田野的資料來看,台灣中小企業逐漸在進行以社會建構取代市場建構的轉型工程,使其企業真正能走上價值發展模式的階段。所謂以社會建構取代市場建構是指,企業不再是從市場的價格競爭模式,作為企業發展產品的生產策略,而是從最終消費者的利益,界定企業所要提供的價值。在這個發展前提下,企業逐漸發展出對於產業重新定義的能力,並經由這個定義能力找到企業發展的定位。從此角度而言,台灣中小企業已累積過去的能量,進行更深刻的產業轉型,這是本文所探討的主軸。 The Social Construction of Branding Strategy: Innovation in the Transformation of Small and Medium EnterprisesThe small and medium enterprises are facing unprecedented economic challenges under the worldwide financial crises. Whether these export oriented enterprises can cope with the global depression with their OEM production has become a critical issue.Theoretically speaking, Taiwanese enterprises have been able to adjust themselves to the international trends from 1970s. However, Taiwan seems to have lagged behind Korea in terms of export and technology in recent years. Based on this, the purpose of this research is to study whether Taiwanese enterprises are losing the advantages and how they can keep pace with the international trends by means of the branding strategy. There are mainly four issues in this research as follows,First of all, the meaning and influence of the changing international environment is examined. With the rapid development of China and some countries in South Eastern Asia, the OEM business in Taiwan has been transferred to those countries with lower production cost. The other issue is the global financial crises which not only harm Taiwan enterprises but also the practice of capitalism. The second issue is whether Taiwanese enterprises can create self-owned brands, which is assumed to be the only way for business sustainability, to overcome the obstacles. ’The pricing model’ needs to be transformed into ’the value model’. In other words, it is expected that benefits come from the product value rather than the production cost. This part of study will be illustrated by means of field research. Last but not least, this research aims to explore the required social conditions for the value model. To put it another way, under the competitive international environment, enterprises also need to change their either operation model or organizational structure accordingly. Luckily, from our field research, we have witnessed new developments from some enterprises. From an academic perspective, the deeper transformation of Taiwanese small and medium enterprises has been on the way, which is just the main concern of this research. |
Relation: | 計畫編號:NSC101-2420-H029-002-MY2 研究期間:2012-01~ 2013-12 |
Appears in Collections: | [社會學系所] 國科會研究報告
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