| Abstract: | 奈米碳管（Carbon nanotubes, CNTs）乃為單層（單壁奈米碳管，Single-walled carbon nanotubes, SWNTs）或者多層（多壁奈米碳管，Multi-walled carbon nanotubes, MWNTs）石墨層捲曲形成的中空管柱結構，直徑為奈米量級的無縫管，由於其具有獨特的化學、機械、熱、電化學性能，被視為具有高潛力的奈米材料。CNTs 與一般奈米球型材料相較之下，因其具有較高比表面積，因此表面可負載較多的生物與化學物種，尤其在多重官能基負載上更佔有優勢，中空奈米碳管的內部(Inner)與外部 (Outer)可視為分離的表面，且在兩端尾部的氧化官能基亦可進行化學共價鍵結，因此可以分別使用不同的方式進行修飾以吸附目標物質；此外其優越的流體動力、獨特與可調整電子和半導體等特性，亦會增強CNTs 在作為載體使用上之性能。磁性奈米碳管材料（Magnetic CNTs, MCNTs），除了具有CNTs 原始的特點之外，非常重要的優點就是可直接在外加磁場之下回收材料而不需要使用額外昂貴的方式來進行固液分離，這項優點使得MCNTs 在吸附程序的進行上可更簡便、快速與精準控制，且可輕易達到回收再利用的目的，亦可使加速吸附與萃取之反應速率與並使得質量傳送更有效率。本研究擬以三年時程完整的開發一系列的磁性奈米碳管材料及應用於環境污染物之吸附去除，期能提供環境工程師在面臨環境變遷所引發之新興或急迫待處理之環境污染問題時，一種簡易機動有效處理程序的選擇。構想以模板輔助化學氣相沈積法(AAO/CVD)間接或是直接合成磁性奈米碳管 (MCNTs)材料，製備一系列的綠色新穎磁性材料並探討其在環境中的應用性。所獲得之MCNTs 材料將應用於環境新興污染物布洛芬(Ibuprofen)之吸附，並探討環境因子（如實驗溫度、pH 值、其他競爭 /Cd(II)金屬離子存在與否等）與材料物化特性（磁性顆粒負載的形式與量及表面功能化程度等）對吸附行為之影響，探究其應用於環境污染物吸附去除與回收再利用之可行性。材料特性本身以SQUID、 TEM/EDS、SEM/EDS、XRD、FTIR/Roman 光譜儀、ESCA、表面積分析儀、DSL(Dynamic light scattering)、TGA 與表面官能基定量分析(Boehm’s titration method)等貴重儀器與化學方法進行合成材料之物理化學特性鑑定，確認合成方法與程序因子對成品性能之影響機制與材料之親水性與在極端pH 水環境中的穩定性與凝聚現象。
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a new member of the carbon allotrope family, were first reported by Iijima in 1991, while the materials of the one-layer grapheme wall, referred to as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), were late discovered in 1993. Generally speaking, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) include two types of MWCNTs and SWCNTs. CNTs can be regarded as a graphite sheet rolled up into a nanoscale tube with fullerene-like capped-end structure. CNTs were regarded as one of the most promising nanomaterials mostly due to its unique structure, high specific area, accessible internal pore volumes, and peculiarly chemical, mechanical, thermal, and electronic properties. Magnetic CNTs (MCNTs) or their derivatives possess important advantages such as accuracy-control and easy-collection, which make the application of sorption process easier and faster. However, nowadays, the syntheses of MCNTs materials still pocess several drawbacks, such as the instability of Fe nanoparticles or ferric oxides, low water-solubility and bad dispersion of MCNTs materials, and low saturation magnetization. Therefore, MCNTs materials, which possess stable physicochemical properties and high saturation magnetism, needed to be further developed. The objective of this study is, therefore, to systematically synthesize magnetic carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) materials by means of template-assisted chemical vapor deposition method with anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) as the template (AAO/CVD). The feasible application of resulting MCNTs materials on the removal of emerging organic contaminants, ibuprofen, and heavy metal ion, Cd(II), from aqueous environment is investigated. Furthermore, the factors affecting the adsorption behavior such as temperatures, solution pH etc., and reusability of MCNTs after regeneration, were also examined to investigate the applicability of the resulting MCNTs matyerials. The physicochemical properties of the resulting MCNTs materials can be identified by means of FTIR/Raman spectroscopy, SQUID, TEM/EDS, SEM/EDS, XRD, XPS, ICP-AES, DSL and titration with the Boehm’s titration method. The characteristics of materials and adsorption behavior of specific species will be correlated to investigate the effects of process parameters on the structure and chemistry of MCNTs. Combined with the usage of obtained functionalized materials in this study, finally the package of the magnetic treatment process will be developed. |
