請就下列各點分項述明： 1.整合之必要性：包括總體目標、整體分工合作架構及各子計畫間之相關性與整合程度。 2.人力配合度：包括總計畫主持人協調領導能力、各子計畫主持人之專業能力及合作諧和性。 3.資源之整合：包括各子計畫所需各項儀器設備之共用情況及研究經驗與成果交流情況。 4.申請機構或其他單位之配合度。 5.預期綜合效益。 The increase in fossil fuel price and environmental issue recently indirectly contributed to the intensively studies of cost-effective and environmental friendly alternative energy. Hydrogen is a promising fuel of the future mainly due to its high conversion efficiency, recyclability and nonpolluting nature. Hydrogen can be produced by thermal processes, electrochemical processes and biological processes. Biological hydrogen production processes are found to be more environmental friendly and less energy intensive as compared to other processes. Biological H2 production can be either photosynthetic or fermentative in dark. Dark fermentation, in which absolute anaerobic or facultative anaerobic bacteria ferment organics for hydrogen production is more suitable for industrial processes due to its higher production rate and independence of light. Many previous studies on dark biohydrogen fermentation use mostly simple sugars such as glucose or sucrose for substrate. Due to their high price, these substrates are unfavorable for industrial processes. Therefore it is a requirement of searching for a low-priced feedstock for development of biohydrogen production in the future. Cellulose is the major component of plant biomass and is the most abundant renewable organic polymer on Earth. Cellulose can be specifically hydrolyzed into oligomeric or soluble sugar by cellulase and is thus expected as a renewable source of fuels. The cost of commercial cellulase is expensive and cost control is an important factor in hydrolysis process. Therefore, how to effectively improve the recovery of enzymes and maintain enzyme activity are important issues in this field. Magnetic nanoparticles have received increasing attention recently in various fields, including enzyme immobilization and separation. Due to its nano-sized, magnetic nanoparticles significantly solve the problems of substrate mass transfer and small reaction surface in traditional immobilization methods. This study proposed to use co-precipitation of Fe2+/Fe3+ to synthesize magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles for immobilizing the cellulase from an indigenous thermophilic bacteria Clostridium sp. previously isolated from our laboratory. The enzyme-nanoparticle direct binding conditions (pH, mass ratio of pagnetic particles to enzyme) will be investigated in this study. Cellulase activitiy and recovery of immobilized enzyme after each enzymatic reaction will be investigated in order to understand the usefulness of presented method. Cellulosic hydrolysates will be used for fermentative bioH2 production by H2-producing bacteria such as Clostridium sp. for the feasibility of H2 production.
