以高齡者社交空間行為探討鄰里公園座椅設計之研究

Tunghai University Institutional Repository > 創意設計暨藝術學院 > 工業設計學系所 > 碩士論文 > Item 310901/25079

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://140.128.103.80:8080/handle/310901/25079

Title:	以高齡者社交空間行為探討鄰里公園座椅設計之研究
Other Titles:	A Study of Seat Design in Neighborhood Park from Spatial Behaviors with Social Activities
Authors:	陳詩盛 Shih-Sheng Chen
Contributors:	李俐慧 Li-Hui Lee 工業設計學系
Keywords:	環境心理學;座椅設計;社交行為;鄰里公園;高齡者 Chair design;Social Behavior;Neighborhood parks;Elderly;Environmental psychology
Date:	2014
Issue Date:	2015-03-06T06:00:56Z (UTC)
Abstract:	在全球步入高齡化的社會的環境下，高齡者在社會上的人口比重因此增加，使青壯年人口無法全盤照護已邁入高齡的族群，使得高齡族群容易成為社會上的負擔。為解決高齡族群照護問題，使部分學者主張讓高齡者族群多從事戶外活動，活絡高齡者的身心及延緩老化，並讓高齡者互相照顧，減少社會上青壯年人口的照護資源，以解決社會邁入高齡化社會所產生的問題。　　本研究透過田野調查進行高齡者戶外活動之行為觀察，發現高齡者通常以鄰里公園為戶外活動的主要空間，而在鄰里公園所從事的戶外活動以群聚聊天的行為為主，因群聚聊天的行為需要能夠長久停留的空間支應，座椅成為群聚聊天時所必要關注的公共家具。　　然而初步觀察中發現，鄰里公園座椅支應高齡者的群聚聊天活動上並不是非常的完善，對於鄰里公園空間中主要使用的高齡者來說，尚有許多應改進並符合高齡者使用行為的功能及要素；本研究透過觀察及整理，彙整出初步的設計條件，以符合高齡者在進行群聚聊天時生理上應對座椅的結構與材質、心理上高齡者之間的社交心理距離及環境整體支應高齡者的設計條件。　　後續同時以實驗性座椅再次檢證高齡者鄰里公園座椅的設計條件，發現受實驗座椅所介入的鄰里公園產生了變化及影響，實驗座椅取代現有鄰里公園所設置的座椅，並同時印證及強化了各個設計面相的條件。　　最終所印證及彙整的高齡者鄰里公園座椅設計面相包含了：符合高齡者乘坐的座椅結構之設計面向、適合高齡者所乘坐接觸的材質面相及座椅環境支應高齡者的形式面向；透過本研究所探討出的各個鄰里公園座椅的面向條件，希望提供未來高齡者更適切的社交空間環境並且同時幫助高齡者能夠成功老化。 The problems behind a so-called social environment of population aging are the relative increase in the elderly proportion in society, which increases the burden of care borne by young adults and leads to a social structural imbalance. In order to solve the problems of care for the elderly, some scholars have suggested that the elderly population should engage in outdoor activities more frequently to invigorate their bodies and minds, and to delay aging. In addition, mutual care among the elderly can fully utilize the human resources of elderly citizens with caregiving ability, thus reducing the caregiving burden of young adults. This study used field research to investigate and observe the elderly population’s behavior during outdoor activities. This study found that neighborhood parks are the main spaces where the elderly engage in outdoor activities, and that gathering to chat is the main outdoor activity. Because the behavior of gathering and chatting requires space and facilities where the elderly can use for a long time, chairs are the public furniture that the elderly use most frequently. However, the preliminary observation found that the current design and planning of chairs in neighborhood parks do not support the gathering and chatting activities of the elderly. Because the elderly are the main users of neighborhood park spaces, it is necessary to further inspect whether the function and design elements of park facilities meet the needs of elderly users. Based on field research and observations, as well as a literature review, this study preliminarily summarized the design conditions for supporting the elderly’s gathering and chatting behavior in neighborhood parks, including structures and materials of the chairs that can meet the physiological needs of the elderly, the elderly’s social distance that corresponds to their psychological needs, and supportiveness of the overall environment. This study subsequently used an experimental chair design and conducted a social experiment on actual activities of the elderly to verify whether the design conditions of the chair were appropriate. This study found that the elderly’s behavior and activity patterns were affected by the intervention of neighborhood parks, and were thus changed and adjusted. Experimental chairs were installed to replace the existing chairs in the neighborhood parks. The experimental results also proved and strengthened the conditions set up by various design aspects. This study proposed three final aspects for a friendly neighborhood park chair design for the elderly, including: (1) creation of a design of a chair structure that was suitable for the elderly; (2) investigating the material types suitable for the elderly; and (3) chair environmental planning that could support the elderly’s activity content and interaction models. The design aspects and conditions of the chair design used in this study could be provided as a reference for the future planning of outdoor social interaction spaces and environments for the elderly. It is hoped that the results can help the elderly achieve successful aging.
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