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http://140.128.103.80:8080/handle/310901/26310
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| Title: | 療癒庭園對高齡者生心理效益之影響 |
| Other Titles: | The Influence of Healing Garden on Psychophysiological Benefits of the Elderly |
| Authors: | 梁雨璇
Liang, Yu-Hsuan |
| Contributors: | 黃章展
Huang, Chang-Chan
景觀學系 |
| Keywords: | 生心理效益;高齡者;療癒庭園
Psychophysiological;Elderly;Healing garden |
| Date: | 2015 |
| Issue Date: | 2015-12-22T03:52:01Z (UTC)
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| Abstract: | 高齡化的社會趨勢已經成為全球重要議題，社區中的高齡者其日常生活的環境、空間、景觀也是屬於世界衛生組織(WHO)對高齡友善城市所提出的重要面向之一。過去許多研究顯示，當人們身處在自然環境中可得到正向的生心理效益；亦有許多研究結果顯示，受測者在具有療癒性景觀的刺激下其生心理能產生正向的效益，然而，大多數研究基地設於醫療機構、公共場合，對於高齡者生活、活動的環境較少提及。因此本研究主要目的在於，針對高齡者的生活環境進行療癒庭園對高齡者們生心理效益之影響來做探討。根據文獻探討結果顯示，觀看自然風景能減輕壓力、改善心情，接觸自然與景觀有助於提升生心理正向效益；此外，研究結果亦顯示，水景景觀相較於其他景觀其產生的正向生心理效益更為明顯。因此，本研究運用模擬療癒庭園照片的方式，選取台中榮總門診大樓入口處東側的外部庭園及東海大學退休教職員新宿舍中庭空間做為模擬照片之背景，模擬出人工無水景、自然無水景、人工有水景、自然有水景四種類型庭園做為測量刺激物。研究樣本來自東海大學退休教職員宿舍區退休教職員及眷屬，共計有效樣本32位。本研究採用多組前後測的形式，將樣本隨機分成四組，每組僅接受一種模擬療癒庭園刺激，刺激前後分別測量其生心理狀態。心理狀態是以情境特質焦慮量表（STAI）測量，生理狀態則是以心律大師測量其心律變異。運用單因子受測者內效應變異數分析（one-factor within-subjects ANOVA），及雙因子混合設計（two-factor mixed design）驗證研究假設。研究結果顯示，高齡者其生理狀態在受到療癒庭園模擬照片刺激下並無明顯生理效益，且不論刺激的照片是自然、人工、有無水景之療癒庭園，皆是如此；高齡者其心理狀態在受到療癒庭園模擬照片刺激下會產生心理效益，然而此心理效益並不會因為刺激的照片是自然、人工、有無水景之療癒庭園而改變。根據研究結果，本研究建議對於台中榮總外部空間及東海大學教職員宿舍外部空間還是可以朝向療癒庭園的方向進行改善，對於高齡者心理狀態還是有效益；在測量時間、測量儀器上，由於高齡者之生理狀態，因此，時間需縮短且儀器過於敏感對高齡者來說是種負擔，對高齡者來說較不適用；研究設計上，建議未來可採用以不分組看照片的方式，每位受測者皆觀看所有類型之照片，再去測試受測者對於刺激物的反應。
The development of the ageing of the population has become an important issue of the world. In daily life, the setting, space and landscape of the ageing community is also an important aspect of the age-friendly city, which was proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Many previous studies have shown that people will perceive physiological and psychological benefits from being in the natural environment and landscape. Literatures also showed that the subjects stimulated by therapeutic landscape would have positive benefits. However, most of the sites in previous studies were medical institutions or public spaces instead of the daily life environment of the elderly. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of healing garden on psycho-physiological benefits for the elderly in their daily life environment.According to the literature, watching the natural scenery can reduce stress, improve mood, and getting in touch with nature and landscape helps improve positive physiological and psychological benefits. Moreover, water landscape is more likely than the other landscape, to yield a positive psychological benefits. Therefore, this study created four types of simulated healing garden photos using the outdoor space in front of the Outpatient Building at Taichung Veterans General Hospital and Tunghai University retired teachers and staff dormitory as backgrounds. They include: artificial landscape without water feature, natural landscape without water feature, artificial landscape with waterscape, and natural landscape with waterscape. Subjects were drawn from the retired faculty, staff, and their spouses, and 32 valid samples were obtained. A multi-group pretest-posttest approach was selected to conduct the experiment. Subjects were randomly assigned to four experimental groups with each group stimulated by only one of the four types of simulated photos. Psychological conditions were measured by STAI and physiological conditions were measured by heart rate variation using ANSWatch. One-factor within-subjects ANOVA and two-factor mixed design were employed to test the research hypotheses.Research results showed that the elderly did not obtain physiological benefits after stimulated by the simulated healing garden photo no matter which of the four types was used. In contrast, the elderly obtained psychological benefits after they were stimulated by simulated healing garden photo. The result was steady throughout the four types of photos.According to the research results, this study suggested that regarding the external space of both sites can be designed as healing garden in order to improve psychological conditions of the elderly. Moreover, in terms of research design, the within-subjects approach would be preferred in consideration of the time for measurement. |
| Appears in Collections: | [景觀學系所] 碩士論文
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