應用資料包絡分析法評估台灣生技產業經營績效

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题名:	應用資料包絡分析法評估台灣生技產業經營績效
其它题名:	An Application of DEA to Analysis Operation Performance of Taiwan Biotech Industry.
作者:	張富沼 CHANG,FU-CHAIO
贡献者:	洪堯勳 HON,JAU-SHIN 工業工程與經營資訊學系
关键词:	資料包絡分析法;DEA-視窗分析;經營效率 Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA);DEA Window Analysis;Operational Efficiency
日期:	2016
上传时间:	2016-10-20T03:56:02Z (UTC)
摘要:	全球生物技術產業從1978 年開始迅速發展，世界各國都將生物技產業列為國家級的發展產業，國內政府自1982 年開始修訂「科技發展方案」後，列生物技術產業為八大重點科技，開放生物科技在台灣的發展;台灣生技產業發展起步較晚，又以中小企業居多，面對國內外競爭壓力，生技產業經營效率，格外引人關注。也是本文探討生技產業經營效率之主要動機。本研究針對2009 年至2014 年間，臺灣生物技術產業（以下簡稱生技產業）14 家上市、上櫃的製藥公司當作樣本研究，進行3個群組（學名藥製藥產業、應用生技製藥產業以及研發製藥產業）的分析，彙整其績效評估變數，進一步利用資料包絡分析法用以評估臺灣製藥產業公司，包括製藥業研發投入之成果，績效與技術差異性之比較分析。考量的投入變數有營業成本、經營費用、固定資產、員工人數；產出變數有營業毛利、營業利益，藉此評估各決策單位之效率值，以CCR 模式之產出導向為主要分析模型，歸納出影響公司績效的主要因素。分析結果:經營效率以應用生技藥廠效率最高 ;經營穩定程度以傳統學名藥廠最佳 ; 敏感度分析結果顯示:傳統學名藥廠與應用生技藥廠在於營業費用部分較於敏感，因此在管銷費用得控制上較為重要；而研發藥廠則對於營業成本較於敏感，看出研發廠商較不利於投入製造部分。在微利時代，能有效掌握經營效率的廠商，即能保有其競爭優勢。 The global Biotechnology industry has grown rapidly since 1978 and all governments over the world have made it a national key industry. After the government revised the Scientific Development Issue in 1982, the biotechnology industry was put into the eight major scientific industries and the biotechnology started to grow in Taiwan. The industry was started late in Taiwan and relevant companies are mostly medium and small sized. Under both domestic and international competition, the operational efficiency of the industry attracts considerable attention. This is our main motivation to discuss operational efficiency. This research collected data from 14 listed pharmaceutical companies in Taiwan biotechnology industry(Bio-Tech industry). The companies are categorized into three groups, generics industry, applied biotech industry and researching pharmaceutical industry. Compile all performance-evaluation related variables into Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to assess pharmaceutical companies in Taiwan, including comparative analysis in the research development, performance and technology. The input variables are operating costs, operating expenses, fixed assets, and number of employees, while the output variables are operating margins and operating profit. The research uses CCR as analysis model to find the essential factors that affect the operational efficiency of a pharmacy. Result: The applied biotech pharmacies perform the best in operation efficiency, while the traditional generics pharmacies are most stable. The result of sensitivity analysis shows that the traditional generics pharmacies and applied biotech pharmacies are more sensitive to operating expenses, so they put a high value on the control of selling and administrative expenses. However, the researching pharmacies are more sensitive to operating costs, which shows they are not favorable to invest on manufacturing. In the Micro-profit era, the pharmacies who maintains the best operational efficiency can keep a competitive edge.
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