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| Title: | Urban Crisis and the state intervention : A preliminary study of the Housing Committee of the Municipal Council of Shanghai |
| Authors: | 郭奇正
Guo, Gi-Zheng |
| Contributors: | 東海大學建築學系 |
| Keywords: | space commodification;informal sector;state intervention;alleyway houses;the Housing Committee;Shanghai |
| Date: | 2004-06 |
| Issue Date: | 2016-11-23T02:55:20Z (UTC)
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| Abstract: | After the Industrial Revolution, development of most large cities was associated with huge amount of rural-to-urban immigrants. As labor force was essential for industrial production, when the central city grasped cheap labor force from its surrounding rural areas, the demands for labors’ accommodations became severe to the city itself. Contemporary urban studies assumed: housing was not only commodities for services consumption within the city, but also means for recreation for the labor force. Housing absolutely could be seen as commodities for urban residents to obtain living services through consumptions from the housing market. Labor force would all be recreated within them. But historical studies showed that: low-income consumers were always excluded from the housing market for unprofitable reasons to real estate providers. Private sectors could not steadily provide these levels of services. But corresponding to maintaining, producing and reproducing the social relationship, housing for the low-income ones was absolutely essential for cities to well function. As the capitalist mode of production were deep going and city itself attracted millions of immigrants moving in, requirements for infrastructure and facilities regarding collective consumption, including housing, would all appealed to a power state to provide, especially the unprofitable facilities and housings services to the low-income labors.
Shanghai, as well as some other colonial cities in Asia like Bombay, Singapore, and Hong Kong would all had experienced dreadful housing problems even London, where their urban governance know-how originated, had ever confronted before. Insufficient housing supply caused specific part of the cities adjacent to industrial zones overcrowded. Accompanying limited investments corresponded to low living standards, doubts for unsanitary and possible infectious diseases all summoned the state to intervene powerfully. This paper proposed to have a historical review about the establishment of the Housing Committee of SMC (Shanghai Municipal Council) and its agendas in the 1930s. Comparing to experiences of state intervention to housing problems in Bombay, Singapore Hong Kong, London, and New York, the paper try to figure out the correspondence between state intervention and the legitimacy state itself conceived in Shanghai. Political concern for legitimization urged the SMC’s urban policies inclined to capital accumulation rather than legitimized it through housing supply interference. To be identified by middle classes, the SMC’s intervention preferred to grasp justification through some non-efficacious social
control about dwelling form to pacify the established ones and maintained their existing property benefits. The urban crisis regarding housing in Shanghai proved to manifest not only the specific procedures for legitimacy through political interaction between states and designated social groups, but also witnessed the constant contradiction of the capitalist society. |
| Relation: | 會議名稱:International Housing Research Conference: Adequate & Affordable Housing for ALL—Research, Policy, Practice,
會議起迄日期:2004/06/24至2004/06/27
會議地點: University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
會議主辦單位:University of Toronto |
| Appears in Collections: | [建築學系所] 會議論文
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