台灣目前已培育出產量高且品質穩定，分別命名為樹豆台東1 號、2 號及3 號之三新品種樹豆。文獻指出樹豆具防治第二型糖尿病潛力，然而，其有關調節血糖有效成分仍尚未被研究，因此本研究擬進行整體性分析比較上述新品種樹豆的抗氧化活性、醣解酵素及醛糖還原酶(α-amylase,α-glucosidase 及aldose reductase)與最終蛋白質醣化產物(AGEs)形成的抑制活性，以篩選出具最佳保健效果的品種。實驗結果發現，以樹豆台東 3 號同時具有較高含量的總酚、總類黃酮及強抗氧化活性(TEAC)；在醣解酵素、醛糖還原酶抑制活性與蛋白質醣化物抑制作用上，也是以台東3 號樹豆的效果較佳。後續利用台東3 號樹豆，探討發芽時間對於醣解酵素、醛糖還原酶抑制活性及蛋白質醣化物抑制之影響，結果顯示發芽第七天的樹豆芽醣解酵素之抑制率與蛋白質醣化抑制作用顯著高於其他發芽時間。經HPLC 進一步分析發芽樹豆內類黃酮含量變化，得知在發芽第七天樹豆芽中含量最多的類黃酮為花青素cyanidin-3-glucoside，含量達5.04 mg/g extract。 In Taiwan, there are three new varieties of pigeon pea with high productivity and quality have been successfully bred, named Pigeon Pea Taitung 1, 2, and 3 respectively. In the previous papers, pigeon pea has potential benifit in the treatment of type II diabetes. Nevertheless, the active components of the antidiabetic activities in pigeon pea have not yet been fully documented. Hence the purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities as well as type II diabetes relating enzymes inhibitory activity α-amylase, α-glucosidase and aldose reductase) and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formation inhibitory capacity of the Pigeon Pea Taitung 1, 2 and 3. The results showed that Pigeon Pea Taitung 3 had the highest total phenolics contents, total flavonoid contents, total antioxidant activity, and type II diabetes relating enzymes inhibitory activities among the three pigeon pea species. Furthermore, the effects of germination time 0-11 days of Pigeon Pea Taitung 3 on α-glucosidase, aldose reductase and AGEs were also investigated. The result indicated that the 7th day of germination for Taitung 3 Pigeon Pea had significantly higher inhibitory activities of type II diabetes relating enzymes than the other germination time. According to HPLC analysis, cyanidin-3-glucoside with the amount of 5.04 mg/g extract was the major flavonoid at the 7th day of germination for Taitung 3 Pigeon Pea.
