探討轉換型領導對員工幸福感的影響：員工復原力為中介變數 - 以中部某區域教學醫院為例

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Title:	探討轉換型領導對員工幸福感的影響：員工復原力為中介變數 - 以中部某區域教學醫院為例
Other Titles:	Explore the Effects of Transformational Leadership on the Employees’ Well-being: Employees’ Resilience as Mediator Variable- A Case Study of Regional Teaching Hospital in Taichung
Authors:	朱碧茹 JHU, BI-RU
Contributors:	謝宛霖 HSIEH, WAN-LIN 工業工程與經營資訊學系
Keywords:	員工幸福感;員工復原力;轉換型領導 Employees’ Well-being;Transformational Leadership;Employees’ Resilience
Date:	2018
Issue Date:	2018-11-07T04:16:56Z (UTC)
Abstract:	員工是組織最有價值的資產，台灣擁有世界稱羨的全民健康保險，在全民期待國家提供經濟又高品質醫療照護服務的同時，卻面臨嚴重的護理人員荒，因此如何留住身心健康且樂於從事護理工作的員工，以延長護理職涯生命，愈顯重要。本研究旨在以員工的角度探討主管的轉換型領導行為對員工復原力及員工幸福感的影響，並進一步探究員工復原力在員工感知主管的轉換型領導行為和員工幸福感之間是否具有中介作用。本研究採問卷調查法，以中部某區域教學醫院護理人員為研究對象，共發放250份問卷，總計回收242份有效問卷，有效回收率96.8%，並進一步以SPSS 24.0進行資料統計及分析。研究結果顯示，員工感知主管的轉換型領導行為對員工幸福感具正向影響，且對於心理幸福感的影響大於社會幸福感；員工感知主管的轉換型領導行為對於員工復原力亦具有正向影響，其中以「魅力影響」行為最具影響力；此外，護理人員的員工復原力愈好，則對於員工幸福感、心理幸福感、社會幸福感的感受度愈高。本研究亦發現，員工復原力在員工感知主管轉換型領導行為與員工幸福感之間具有部份中介效果。因此，管理者要提升員工的幸福感，必須善用轉換型領導技巧，透過員工復原力的促進作用，方能使員工幸福感顯著提昇。過往研究指出，復原力可以經由訓練而強化，因此本研究建議，醫療照護產業的領導者應重視並加強培訓護理人員的復原力，復原力高的護理人員對於工作上的困難較能視為挑戰，能有信心化解或因應職場上的危機，緩衝壓力對於幸福感的衝擊，並能以正向的工作情緒提供品質穩定的醫療照護服務。 Employees are considered as the most valuable assets of any organization. Taiwan has world-renowned National Health Insurance, while the nation expects the country to provide economic and high-quality medical care services, it faces serious nursing shortages. Therefore, it becomes more and more important for managers to retain their employees who are physically and mentally hearth and willing to engage in nursing work. This study aims to explore the effects of transformational leadership on employees’ well-being from employees’ perspective, and further verify if there is mediating effect of employees’ resilience. We conduct this survey with nurses working in the regional teaching hospital in Taichung city. The questionnaires were sent out to 250 employees and total returned 242 valid questionnaires, the effective response rate was 96.8%. These data were further analyzed by statistic software SPSS 24.0. Results of this study show that: (1) Transformational leadership has a positive effect on employees’ well-being, and the impact on psychological well-being shows greater than social well-being. (2) Transformational leadership has a positive effect on employees’ resilience. (3) Employees’ resilience has a positive effect on employees’ well-being. (4) The relationship between transformational leadership and employees’ well-being is mediated by employees’ resilience. Therefore, managers must improve the sense of well-being of their employees and must make good use of transformational leadership skills. Through the promotion of employees' resilience, employees' sense of well-being can be significantly improved. Previous studies have pointed out that resilience can be strengthened through training. Therefore, this study suggested that the nurse managers and hospital administrators should adopt various active resilience practices to help nurses improve the level of employees’ resilience. Nurses has a higher level of resilience can treated as work difficulties as challenges. Despite all of these challenges, resilience enables nurses to cope with their work environment and to maintain healthy and stable psychological functioning, and provide high quality of clinical nursing care service.
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