| Abstract: | 耕地三七五減租政策自民國1449年施行台灣省私有耕地租用辦法，至民國1951年制定條例施行至今，已逾67餘載，其內容雖經幾次修正，惟透過限制地主財產權之手段，藉以達成保護佃農生存權目的之主要精神並未改變。現今的制度下，地主若想收回耕地，須破除重重關卡才能收回耕地。近些年來多數佃農的經濟狀況已大幅提升，而耕地三七五租約政策是否還有存在必要，值得檢視。本研究旨在探討耕地三七五減租條例上限制收回自耕原因之探討，第一章先論述研究之背景與動機、目的與問題、重要名詞釋義、研究範圍與限制。第二章再探討文獻資料、耕地三七五減租對地主財產權限制、耕地三七五減租屆滿時地主收回自耕困難。第三章為研究方法、研究對象、研究流程與架構及資料分析與結果如何呈現，本研究使用質性取向之文獻研究法、案例研究法及深度訪談法，再藉由半結構式深度訪談蒐集資料，因此訪談與三七五租約的佃農、地主、承辦的公務員及學者。第四章為實例分析及訪談結果分析，因此本研究蒐集相關法規、報章雜誌、函釋及判決等，試圖於有限資料中，以實際個案適用時所發生之爭議或可能衍生之問題，加以歸納、分析和探討整理。並對佃農、地主、業務承辦員進行深度訪談，以瞭解當時情況及分別從法規認知程度、法規執行現況、修正法規草案，提出看法及修法建，期能收拋磚引玉之效。第五章依據研究目的、文獻資料、案例分析與深度訪談結結果分析，分別從規認知程度、法規執行現況、修正法規草案等面向歸納出結論與建議，使補償費合理化、限縮耕地繼承權，並分長短作法實施免徵土地稅值、主動清查租約實質審查耕作情形、廢止減租條例不合時宜之部分、建立代立徵收請求權邏輯及政府成立法律溝通平台等。
The 175-year rent reduction policy for cultivated land has been implemented in the Republic of China in 1449. Since the implementation of the regulations in the Republic of China in 1951, it has been more than 67 years old. Although its contents have been amended several times, by limiting the property rights of landlords, The main spirit of achieving the goal of protecting the tenant’s right to subsistence has not changed. Under the current system, if the landlord wants to recover the cultivated land, he must break through the heavy points to recover the cultivated land. In recent years, the economic situation of most tenant farmers has risen sharply, and whether the 375-70 lease policy is still necessary is worth checking.The purpose of this study is to explore the reasons for restricting the recovery of self-cultivation on the 175-year rent reduction regulations. The first chapter discusses the background and motivation of the research, the purpose and problems, the interpretation of important terms, the scope and limitations of research. The second chapter discusses the literature, the arable land, the rent reduction of the landlord, the landlord's property rights restriction, and the landlord's recovery of the arable land. The third chapter is the research methods, research objects, research process and structure, and data analysis and how to present the results. This study uses the qualitative research literature research method, case study method and in-depth interview method, and then collects through semi-structured in-depth interviews. Information, so interviews with tenants, landlords, civil servants and scholars who are engaged in the lease of the 375th. The fourth chapter is the case analysis and the analysis of the interview results. Therefore, this study collects relevant regulations, newspapers, magazines, correspondences and judgments, and attempts to summarize the disputes or possible problems arising from the actual cases when they are applied in limited information. , analysis and discussion. In-depth interviews were conducted with tenant farmers, landowners, and business contractors to understand the situation and the status of the regulations, the status of implementation of the regulations, the revision of the draft regulations, the views and the revision of the law, and the effect of the project. The fifth chapter analyzes the results of research, literature, case analysis and in-depth interviews, and summarizes the conclusions and suggestions from the level of cognition, the status of implementation of the regulations, and the draft amendments, so as to rationalize the compensation and limit the inheritance rights of cultivated land. In addition, the length and length of the practice are exempted from the land tax value, the active inspection of the lease, the actual review of the farming situation, the abolition of the untimely part of the rent reduction regulations, the establishment of the logic of the claim for the collection and the establishment of a legal communication platform. |
