五元環碳酸酯可以合成聚氨酯、聚碳酸酯、丙烯酸樹脂和膠粘劑聚酯等產品，為許多高分子材料的中端產物或聚合物單體，衍生相關化學品廣泛應用於日常生活中。傳統製程利用光氣、異氰酸酯合成五元環碳酸酯，對於環境影響較大。本研究採用對於環境友善的方式進行合成，以環氧乙烷官能基團與二氧化碳進行環加成反應形成五元環碳酸酯。然而，環氧乙烷官能基團與二氧化碳的反應性不高，且反應過程需要冗長的反應時間、極端的反應條件以及特殊的觸媒。本研究藉由改變反應槽中氣、液兩相反應物的流動性質，以此設計出以簡單鹽類觸媒在常壓狀態下具備高轉化率，且有利於工業化生產的工業製程。此外，以原料的體積、二氧化碳的體積流率，以及攪拌機轉數，計算反應槽中氣、液兩相反應物的氣泡尺寸和質傳係數。在製程放大的過程中，藉由相同的氣泡尺寸和質傳係數，推論放大後的製程操作參數，例如：反應物體積、二氧化碳進料量，以及反應槽的攪拌轉數，達到製程工業化的目的。關鍵字: 五元環狀碳酸酯(Bis-(cyclic carbonate)，BCC)、二氧化碳(Carbon dioxide，CO2)、環加成反應(Cycloaddition)、氣泡尺寸(Bubble size)、質傳係數(Mass transfer coefficient) Bis-(cyclic carbonate) can be used for synthesizing into various products, such as: polyurethane, polycarbonate, acrylic, as well as adhesive polyester. Hence, it is the intermediate or monomers of numerous polymeric materials where such chemical products are available in daily lives application. Conventional synthesis of bis-(cyclic carbonate) using phosgene and isocyanate poses the significant impact on the environment. In this study, an environmental friendly approach is chosen, whereby bis-(cyclic carbonate) is produced through the cycloaddition reaction between ethylene oxide functional group and carbon dioxide. However, the two reactants are not highly reactive; thereby the reaction requires long period with the extreme reaction condition where the specialized catalyst was applied. By changing the flow properties of two-phase reactants (gas and fluid) in the reaction tank, this study aims to design an industrial process that has a high conversion rate under atmospheric pressure using simple salt catalyst, which is favorable to the industrialized production. Besides, the bubble size and the mass transfer coefficient of gas and fluid reactants inside the reaction tank are calculated from the volume of raw materials, the volumetric flow rate of carbon dioxide, and the revolution of the mixer. The bubble size and the mass transfer coefficient are utilized to infer the process operating parameters; such as: volume of reactants, feed rate of carbon dioxide, and the agitation rate of the reaction tank when scaling up the synthesis reaction into a pilot-scale reactor. This will be useful to pave the way for industrializing the laboratory experiments to a manufacturing process.Keywords: Bis-(cyclic carbonate); Carbon dioxide; Cycloaddition; Bubble size; Mass transfer coefficient.
