過去台灣高山田鼠（Microtus kikuchii）的活動範圍和實驗室中行為觀察的研究資料，皆認為其婚配制度應為一夫一妻制。本研究目的乃以野外族群資料和微隨體基因（microsatellite DNA）的證據來確認台灣高山田鼠的婚配型式是否為一夫一妻制，並釐清其性別擴散模式。從2004年6月到2005年9月於南投縣海拔3088公尺合歡山4公頃樣區共標記169隻台灣高山田鼠個體 (1615隻次)。以捉放法所估算minimum convex polygon的活動範圍不論在性別，成幼個體和季節中都沒有顯著差異，並且活動範圍的重疊大部分僅有1隻雄性及1隻雌性個體。從M. montebelli和M. oeconomus設計的微隨體基因引子（microsatellite DNA primer）共發現10組可以用來分析台灣高山田鼠的血緣關係。10組引子皆是多型性，其對偶基因數平均值為14.3 （範圍自8至19）。由家系配對的分析共找到了台灣高山田鼠31個子代分配到20組的親代，並且發現每1隻雄性個體在一年一次生殖季中只和單隻雌性個體配對，顯示台灣高山田鼠確為一夫一妻制的物種。雄性和雌性台灣高山田鼠個體中皆發現空間遺傳結構（spatial genetic structure）的情形，且雌雄個體的遺傳自相關係數值（genetic correlation coefficient）並無顯著的差異，間接說明其擴散模式並沒有性別偏向。雄性個體的遺傳自相關係數值在60m之前為顯著正值（P < 0.05），而雌性個體的遺傳自相關係數值在160 m之前為顯著正值（P < 0.05）。利用4個地理上最接近的鄰居（4NN）來計算局部平面空間自相關分析（two-dimensional local spatial autocorrelation），發現雌雄個體皆有親族群集的現象。 The studies of home-range and previous laboratory behavioral observations suggest a monogamous mating system in Microtus kikuchii. I present evidence from field data and microsatellite DNA to confirm it’s monogamy and dispersal patterns of. From June 2004 to September 2005, 169 individuals (a total of 1615 captures) were collected in a 4-hectare study area at Hehuanshan with 3088 m altitude, Nantou County, Taiwan. Home-range size based on minimum convex polygon of capture-recapture data showed no significant differences between sexes, between adult and juvenile voles, and among seasons. Overlapping home ranges were mostly between simple male and simple female. Ten microsatellite DNA primers designed for M. montebelli and M. oeconomus were used to analyze parentage of M. kikuchii. Primers were polymorphic; the average number of alleles was 14.3 (range: 8-19). All 31 offspring assigned to 20 paired parents showed that one male mated with only one female in a reproductive season, indicating that M. kikuchii is monogamous. The spatial genetic structure in males and females and no significantly different genetic correlation coefficient between sexes showed no sex-biased dispersal. Male genetic correlation coefficient was significantly positive at 60 m (P < 0.05). Female genetic correlation coefficient was significant positive at 160 m (P < 0.05). In males and females, there were both kin clusters, estimated from the four nearest neighbors by two-dimensional local spatial autocorrelation.
