園藝活動介入高齡者生活之心理效益探討－以中彰榮民之家為例

THUIR > College of Fine Arts and Creative Design > Department of Architecture > Master's Theses > Item 310901/30889

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://140.128.103.80:8080/handle/310901/30889

Title:	園藝活動介入高齡者生活之心理效益探討－以中彰榮民之家為例
Other Titles:	Exploring psychological benefits of horticulture therapy for the elderly
Authors:	劉雅婷 LIU, YA-TING
Contributors:	關華山 KWAN, HWA-SAN 建築學系
Keywords:	園藝治療;療癒環境;視覺景觀;高齡者 Horticulture therapy;Psychological health;Visual landscape;Elderly life
Date:	2018
Issue Date:	2018-11-07T04:40:28Z (UTC)
Abstract:	台灣於2018年3月已是高齡社會，預計2026年將進入超高齡社會。高齡人口的增長影響了整體社會結構，面對此衝擊，應思考如何提升高齡者生活品質與尊嚴，提供高齡者維持健康與增加快樂的方式，建立高齡者合適之活動方案相形重要。本研究之對象為「中彰榮譽國民之家」的住民，一群曾經背負著重要使命與責任的老榮民。藉由本次園藝活動，期希提升他們的生活品質，促進其親近園藝的機會，增進生活動機與愉悅感，提昇其人生福祉。研究方式採實證研究、個案研究、質性訪談與問卷填寫為主。首先將招募到之參與者分為兩組，亦為本次園藝活動的實驗組：「種植菜蔬」與「種植花草」兩組別。以種植類別分類，並探討不同的活動行為、環境與種植內容何種效益較佳。再藉由實驗前、後測之質性訪談與問卷填寫深入了解每位參與者對於參與園藝活動的經驗感受歷程。另也以對照組來比對有無參與的差別。園藝活動參與人數菜蔬組5人，花草組5人，對照的未參與組9人。活動為期六週，共十次園藝活動，於2017年11月至12月實施。研究結果顯示，不論是「菜蔬組」或「花草組」皆在心理效益上有顯著提升。從問卷分析結果來看，菜蔬組在恢復性環境問卷上升的比花草組高，不論是在個人感受或是環境所產生注意力恢復的效益皆比前測高；在療癒效果問卷部分呈現結果兩組雖有提升但差異不大。從質性訪談分析結果，得知植株之生長情形，菜蔬組在視覺上得到的效益較明顯，因葉菜類的生長變化比花草大；在知識面兩組參與者皆表示有收穫；在心理感受層面，菜蔬組是來自於觀察到植物的變化，花草組則來自於視覺漂亮產生的愉悅；在責任感、成就感、認同感層面，兩組皆有這些心態產生，而菜蔬組則是多了一份保護的心態；在社交人際面，兩組都有的女性均認為社交關係有改善；在執行能力上，所有人皆表示願意參加以後相關的活動；就所種植物種之生命長短而言，菜蔬生命週期短於花草，對於生命的延續性與否也會影響參與者的心理感受；在佈置氛圍方面，除了經濟價值還須顧及美感呈現，菜蔬組偏大而樸實，花草組則小而精緻，其視覺外觀皆會影響參與者的感受。在對照組訪談中發現，未參與本次園藝活動，並不代表不喜愛大自然，而是他們理想中的操作模式不同於本活動，且皆認為接觸自然能帶給自己益處。總言之，本次園藝活動確實帶給高齡者一段歡愉的記憶，使其得到心理上的改變，在生命歷程上產生正面影響，同時達到心理之健康與喜樂。另方面，「種蔬菜」比「種花草」，對榮民而言，以前者效益較多。這可能是「榮民」向來生活勤儉的態度使然。 Taiwan has already been an “aged society” since March 2018, and will expect to set foot in “hyper-aged society” in 2026. The growth of the elderly population has affected the whole structure of society. Facing such an impact, we should think more about how to improve the living quality of life and dignity for the elderly. Also it is important to design suitable activities for them to maintain and even enhance their health and happiness. The research subject were VAC’s residents of Zhongzhung Veterans Home, all of them were over 61 years old. This targeted group had served in military and had been life-long dedicated to safeguard our country, whom we should pay attention on. Hope the horticulture activity may improve their quality of life, let them get closer to nature, enhance their living motivation, also enrich their well-being.Research methods are mainly based on empirical research, multiple case studies, qualitative interviews and answering questionnaires. The participants were divided into two groups. One group cultivated vegetables, the other plant flowers. The research explored what activities, environments and planting objects were better. The structured interviews and questionnaire survey were employed before and after activities to know experiences and feelings of every participant in order to finding out the benefits gained from different environments, behaviors and cultivation. Total participants’ were 5 in the vegetable group, the other 5 in the flower group, and 9 in the control group, the activities were run for ten times and lasted for six weeks from Nov. to Dec., 2017.The results show that for both “vegetable group” and “flower group”, the significant improvement in psychological benefits has been observed. The results of questionnaire survey had shown that, for effectiveness of environmental attention restoration and individual sensational states, the vegetable-group members scored a higher rating than the flower ones. However, for healing effectiveness there was no significant difference for two groups although some improvement did show. The results of interviews indicated that because of vegetable growing faster and have obvious difference in appearance, participants planting vegetable seems gain benefits obviously than those cultivating flowers do. For ”vegetable group”, the benefits in psychological aspects mainly gained from observing the fast growing, while” flower group” might obtain pleasure visually. Two groups were observed generating responsibility, sense of accomplishment and identity level after experiment. The “vegetable group” has a more protective mindset. In social aspects, women in both groups believe that social relationships have improved. For executing aspects everyone expressed their willingness to participate related activities in future. In terms of life span of the species selected, life cycle of vegetables is shorter than flowers. The difference of life span seems to affect the psychological feelings of participants. In terms of spatial atmosphere, it must also take into account the aesthetic appearance in addition to concern of the economic value. Vegetables may grow larger but not so colorful while the flowers are small and exquisite. Their visual appearances would affect the participants' feelings.The findings from interviews with the control group indicate that those not participating in the horticultural activity do not mean that they do not like nature rather than their ideal operation is different from the activity executed. All of them believe that exposure to nature could bring benefits to themselves.In conclusion, the horticultural activity does bring a happy memory, trigger psychologically changed, have positive influences on the life course and achieve psychological health and joy for the elderly. Furthermore, "planting vegetables" is more beneficial than "planting flowers ". It may be due to the diligent attitude of the veterans.
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Architecture] Master's Theses

Files in This Item:

File	Size	Format
106THU00222014-001.pdf	48356Kb	Adobe PDF	2194	View/Open

Loading...