海外投資績效與供應鏈群聚之關聯性研究

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Title:	海外投資績效與供應鏈群聚之關聯性研究
Other Titles:	Foreign Investment Performance and Supply Chain Cluster
Authors:	黃順裕 HUANG, SHUN-YU
Contributors:	林秀鳳 LIN, HSIU-FENG 會計學系
Keywords:	海外投資績效;供應鏈群聚;國家競爭力 Foreign Investment Performance;Supply Chain Cluster;National Competitiveness
Date:	2018
Issue Date:	2019-01-10T09:01:17Z (UTC)
Abstract:	根據Porter提出價值鏈(1985) 與國家競爭優勢(1990)，產業價值鏈被視作一個價值系統，而產業鏈中各企業依賴國家競爭優勢來提供企業發展所需要的環境來成長與發展。隨著近年來全球化趨勢的變遷，區域整合、紅色供應鏈等議題，延伸企業如何藉由海外投資及供應鏈競合來維持競爭力。本研究探討供應鏈群聚在企業海外投資所發揮的作用及國家競爭力對供應鏈群聚的影響。本研究以台灣上市上櫃企業中，經歷海外投資之企業為研究樣本。使用被投資國家競爭力指標從2006至2015年度為研究區間，採用多元迴歸模型來探討產業供應鏈群聚與海外投資績效關聯性，並進一步檢視被投資國家競爭力對供應鏈群聚的調節效果。研究結果發現，企業投資於產業上游，海外投資將因母國企業群聚於當地同產業上游而有較佳之績效，投資於下游亦呈現群聚正效益，但中游則不明顯；另外，不論產業上中下游，投資於國家競爭力偏低的地區具有群聚正效益；於國家競爭力極高區域進行中游投資會有群聚負效益。若僅針對產業上游投資，即下游業者之海外投資績效隨供應鏈群聚密度越高或國家競爭力增加而越好；下游業者之投資績效雖亦因群聚密度增加而提高，但卻因國家競爭力增加而變差。進一步發現，兩者反而是於競爭力相對較強的被投資國方具有群聚正效益，意味著母國企業供應鏈群聚效益與被投資國之競爭力有關，且競爭力作用於供應鏈群聚效益受企業及其所屬集團於當地進行供銷佈局影響。 According to Porter’s propositions of Value Chain (1985) and The Competitive advantage of Nations (1990), each company within the value chain depends on the national competitive advantage to keep their growing. The purpose of this study is to find the relevance between the supply chain cluster and the enterprise overseas investment, and the impact of national competitiveness on supply chain clustering.This study takes the companies that have gone through overseas investment in Taiwan listed companies. Using the index of WEF’s national competitiveness from 2006 to 2015 as the interval of this study, a multiple regression model was used to explore the relevance of supply chain cluster and foreign investment performance, then try to find the effect of the national competitiveness on the supply chain clustering.General speaking, the empirical results show that the overseas investment gets better performance because of higher cluster density in the upstream and downstream of their home country. But in midstream, it comes out no relevance between supply chain cluster and foreign investment performance. Moreover, the national competitiveness of the invested country will bring the negative effect for supply chain clustering on the investment performance. But in all streams, the lower index of the national competitiveness, the higher oversea investment performance with strong supply chain clustering the companies have. If enterprises only invest overseas in a single level of supply chain, the companies from upstream make better foreign investment performance due to higher clustering density or national competitiveness. But from downstream, even though they get the same result as upstream did in clustering, the national competitiveness has impact on performance in the opposite way. Further, both of up and down steams, the higher index of the national competitiveness, the higher oversea investment performance of supply chain clustering they have. In the invested countries without the index of national competitiveness, we find out that the companies in downstream has worse foreign investment performance due to stronger clustering.
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