Rough shifts in socio-economy and harsh environmental disasters created enormous chaos in people’s life in Mongolia in the early 1990s. As a consequence, in the capital city of Ulaanbaatar rapid urbanization took place that exceeded the city’s planned capacity while waste management was left behind. Municipal solid waste is one of the causes of severe environmental pollution of Ulaanbaatar city. The phenomena and critical issues of Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) in Ulaanbaatar city inspired this paper to investigate and analyze the city’s MSWM. The waste management system in Ulaanbaatar city is far lower than that of developed countries. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate and analyze MSWM in Ulaanbaatar city and Taiwan, specifically Taichung city, to compare and formulate lessons that can be learned for improvement of MSWM in Ulaanbaatar city.The result indicated that factors influencing MSWM system in Ulaanbaatar are related to problems in policy and laws, weak and/or not at all cooperation among stakeholders, insufficient public participation and lack of research and development in adopting economically affordable system. Rough shifts in socio-economy and harsh environmental disasters created enormous chaos in people’s life in Mongolia in the early 1990s. As a consequence, in the capital city of Ulaanbaatar rapid urbanization took place that exceeded the city’s planned capacity while waste management was left behind. Municipal solid waste is one of the causes of severe environmental pollution of Ulaanbaatar city. The phenomena and critical issues of Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) in Ulaanbaatar city inspired this paper to investigate and analyze the city’s MSWM. The waste management system in Ulaanbaatar city is far lower than that of developed countries. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate and analyze MSWM in Ulaanbaatar city and Taiwan, specifically Taichung city, to compare and formulate lessons that can be learned for improvement of MSWM in Ulaanbaatar city.The result indicated that factors influencing MSWM system in Ulaanbaatar are related to problems in policy and laws, weak and/or not at all cooperation among stakeholders, insufficient public participation and lack of research and development in adopting economically affordable system.
