台灣中部亞熱帶森林表土細根功能性狀與土壤和地上部特徵之關聯

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Title:	台灣中部亞熱帶森林表土細根功能性狀與土壤和地上部特徵之關聯
Other Titles:	The Relationship between Fine Root Functional Traits and Soil and Aboveground Characteristics in a Subtropical Forest, Central Taiwan
Authors:	梁沛惠 LEUNG, PUI-WAI
Contributors:	江智民 CHIANG, JYH-MIN 生命科學系
Keywords:	植物可塑性;群聚生態學;權衡;生態系功能 plants plasticity;community ecology;trade-off;ecosystem processes
Date:	2019
Issue Date:	2019-03-21T09:01:18Z (UTC)
Abstract:	植物功能性狀能夠反映出植物在生存環境變化的影響中所表現出的適應能力，前人研究發現，葉片的各種特徵之間有顯著的權衡關係，其功能性狀能呈現出植物與環境的交互作用和生長策略。細根位於根部末端，就物質交換層面可比擬為地上部之葉片。現今對於植物地上部功能性狀的研究居多，有關植物地下部細根特徵及功能性狀之研究則甚少。近年的研究指出植物在不同環境下，地上部和地下部功能性狀會改變，目前並不清楚植物功能性狀在群聚中加上物種間的交互關係時為何。本研究希望能回答三個問題：在植物群聚層面中，（一）細根功能性狀之間是否有關聯？（二）植物地下部資源獲得的策略是否和地上部一致？（三）植物的功能性狀會否隨著不同的土壤性質改變？本研究於蓮華池25公頃動態樣區內進行，其中選取9個樣方採集細根進行特徵分析，並利用2003年張等人所發表的土壤資料，劃分為較肥沃和較貧瘠的環境。結果顯示，淺層土壤為細根生物量最高；細根功能性狀於不同深度並無顯著差異。各細根功能性狀中只有細根鮮乾重比(RDMC[g g-1])和細根表面積與重量比(SRA[m2 g-1]) 呈顯著相關。其中雖只有細根表面積與重量比(SRA[m2 g-1])與地上部功能性狀葉面積(LA [cm2]) 比葉面積(SLA [cm2 g-1])、葉片重量與面積(LMA [g m-2])、葉含氮量(leafN [%])、葉含磷量(leafP [%])達到顯著的相關性，多變量分析結果則顯示地下部和地上部的功能性狀有關聯。細根功能性狀在土壤營養成份不一的情況下只有碳氮比(CN [%])呈現顯著差異。在群聚層面中，除了環境因子的影響外，細根功能性狀的分化可能被更複雜的交互關係所影響。本研究結果對於亞熱帶森林樹木在群聚間之生長策略及其與環境之關係有進一步了解，同時有助於估算森林生態系的生態系功能。 Plant functional traits reflect the strategies of how plants adapt to the changing environment. Most of previous studies are focusing on the aboveground traits, and their results showed that associations among traits revealed the trade-offs in individual plant strategies. Fine roots are essential in various physiological processes and will be functionally equivalent to the leaves, yet there are insufficient studies on the structures and functional traits of fine roots. Recent studies proposed that functional traits of plant would shift under different levels of light and nutrient supply. However, as competitive interactions present in natural communities, the phenotypic response of plant traits under various environmental conditions is still not clear. Therefore, this study aim to answer the following questions: In community level, 1) is there any linkages between each of the fine roots functional traits?; 2) are the strategies of resources utilized belowground consistent with aboveground? 3) are plant functional traits vary in different environment (soil nutrient supply)?. In this study, experiment was conducted at Lienhuachih Forest Dynamics Plot. The fine root sample were collected for functional traits analysis in nine quadrats which were also divided into different soil fertility levels. Results showed that fine roots in top soil layer are most abundance. Functional traits of fine roots do not varied in different depths. Among five fine root traits, only root dry matter content (RDMC [g g-1]) and specific root area (SRA [m2 g-1]) are significantly correlated. Although only specific root area (SRA[m2 g-1]) significant correlated with leaf traits (leaf area[cm2], specific leaf area[cm2g-1], leaf mass area[g m-2], thickness[mm], leaf N[%], leaf P[%]), Principal Component Analysis showed that there are linkages between aboveground and belowground traits. CN ratio of fine roots showed significant differences between plots with high vs. low soil fertility. Thus, we have no evidence of environmental filtering effect on root traits at community level. The results improve our comprehension of the strategies of subtropical forest trees and their relationships with the environment which is also helpful for estimating the function of forest ecosystem.
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