竹節管內高濃度二氧化碳與光合作用之關聯

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Title:	竹節管內高濃度二氧化碳與光合作用之關聯
Other Titles:	Contribution of Carbon Dioxide in Bamboo Stem to Photosynthesis
Authors:	呂曉騏 LU, HSIAO-CHI
Contributors:	江智民 CHIANG, JYH-MIN 生命科學系
Keywords:	碳固存;二氧化碳再固定;莖光合作用;竹 carbon dioxide refixation;carbon sequestration;stem photosynthesis;bamboo
Date:	2018
Issue Date:	2019-12-16T02:59:39Z (UTC)
Abstract:	竹(Bambusoideae)為亞太地區與南、北美洲常見的大型禾本科植物，是中國地區僅次於馬尾松和杉木的第三大木材生產植物，其莖具有大面積富含葉綠素的表皮與大容積的空腔，最高生長速率可超過每天一公尺。先前研究發現數種竹子的中空管腔內二氧化碳濃度高達數萬ppm，遠高於大氣平均值400ppm，本研究的目的在於檢測竹子是否能將竹節管內的二氧化碳利用於光合作用。竹節管內的二氧化碳很可能由竹子本身呼吸作用所產生，若竹子能利用莖內高濃度二氧化碳進行「二氧化碳再固定」(carbon dioxide refixation)，即可提高光合作用的碳和水使用效率，增加其適存度。本實驗於南投縣魚池鄉蓮華池試驗林林道進行(1)白天遮光和(2)夜晚照光的實驗，分別選取40株桂竹(Phyllostachys makinoi Hayata)和30株麻竹(Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro)，白天遮光實驗將樣本隨機分為遮光和照光兩組，於白天自然日照8小時以上，觀察實驗處理一天和十天後的差別；夜晚照光實驗將樣本隨機分配為照光組、加溫組和控制組三組，於夜間各執行實驗處理3小時。結果顯示白天遮光實驗桂竹平均濃度108,253 ppm，實驗處理一天後兩組間無顯著差異，處理十天後遮光組濃度顯著低於照光組；夜晚照光實驗三組麻竹實驗前濃度無顯著差異，平均32625 ppm，實驗處理後控制組增加2756.08 ppm，加溫組增加12253.62 ppm，而照光組雖然溫度增加幅度與加熱組相同，其二氧化碳濃度僅上升2504.76 ppm，顯示竹節管內累積的二氧化碳在照光處理下被重新吸收。本實驗結果顯示竹管內二氧化碳很可能被利用於光合作用，後續實驗可以以整株尺度，檢驗竹管內提供的大量碳源對於竹子快速生長或耐旱表現所扮演的角色。 Bamboo (Bambusoideae) is a large common grass in Asia-Pacific region and North America, the internodes of most bamboo stems are hollow and separated by diaphragms, and the stems of many bamboo species are green. According to previous studies, their highest growth rate can achieve more than one meter per day. Previous studies showed that the concentration of carbon dioxide inside stem cavity was 10s of thousands ppm. The objective of this study was to examine whether bamboo can re-fix the respiratory CO2 accumulated in stem cavity. If bamboos are capable of utilizing the high concentration of respiratory CO2 inside the stem (CO2 refixation), they can reduce the frequency and duration of stomata openings and improve the water use efficiency of photosynthesis. I Selected 40 Phyllostachys makinoi Hayata for daytime shading experiment (DSE), 30 Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro for night lighting experiments (NLE) at Lianhuachi Forest Research Center (Nantou County, Central Taiwan), For DSE experiment, samples were randomly assigned to light group and shading group. CO2 concentration inside the bamboo stems were extracted and analyzed for each individual after 8 hours and ten days of treatments. In NLE experiment, bamboo shoots were randomly assigned to light treatment, heat treatment, and control and the treatments were carried out for 3 hours.For DSE, the average concentration of CO2 inside DSE bamboo stem was 108,253ppm, and the treatment effect were not significant after 8 hours. After ten days of shading, CO2 concentration under shading treatment was significantly lower than light group (control). In NLE, the mean CO2 concentration inside bamboo stems was 32625 ppm, CO2 concentration under light treatment was significantly lower than in the heating group, despite the fact that both treatments had the same surface temperature. This suggested that the CO2 stored in bamboo stem was re-absorbed under light treatment. My results demonstrated that bamboos were capable of utilizing ample amount of carbon inside their stems. Future studies on the roles of carbon refixation in such fast growing species and their drought resistance are encouraged.
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