不自辦的「自辦市地重劃」？ 市地重劃制度的「自辦轉向」與地方土地產權體制轉化

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Title:	不自辦的「自辦市地重劃」？市地重劃制度的「自辦轉向」與地方土地產權體制轉化
Other Titles:	";Urban land re-adjustment implemented by the private sector";without the land owners' involvement ?The“private-turn” of the urban land re-adjustment and the transformation of the local land property rights regime
Authors:	顏誌君 Yan, Zhi-Jun
Contributors:	楊友仁 Yang, Daniel You-Ren 社會學系
Keywords:	自辦市地重劃;重劃會;制度論;制度變遷;地方土地產權體制 Urban Land Readjustment Implementation by the Private Sector;readjustment association;institutionalism;institutional transformation;Local Land property right transformation regime
Date:	2019
Issue Date:	2019-12-16T03:24:41Z (UTC)
Abstract:	台中在1986年《平均地權條例》修法以來，推動多期公辦市地重劃，並在2004年解禁後期發展區之後，開始以自辦重劃開發單元模式吸引資本投資。至今台中的自辦市地重劃數量快速增加，並成為近年來台中都市擴張的主要機制。然而，大規模自辦市地重劃的開發主體－重劃會，並非如《獎勵重劃辦法》所規範的由私人地主組成，而是具政商背景的開發公司主導。本研究關切在自辦市地重劃制度下，開發商與地主扮演的角色，嘗試運用制度論的取徑，探討何以市地重劃在近10年從公辦主導轉向自辦主導？開發商又如何得以背離地主意志並掌握龐大的權力？並在開發過程中引發許多分配土地產權的爭議。本研究認為修法，並不是市地重劃發生自辦轉向的主要原因。在地方層級的後期發展區的解禁過程中，採用大面積自辦重劃的開發方式，扮演更重要的制度變遷角色。開發商藉由控制自辦重劃理事會，掌握了自辦重劃的重大權力，主導的土地產權的重分配，地方政府退居後位，迴避其監督的權責，權利受到侵害的地主之維權管道被抑制，使得自辦市地重劃不僅延續公辦市地重劃的大面積開發模式，更加劇市地重劃的爭議。 Since the revision of the "Equalization of Land Rights Act" in 1986, Taichung has promoted a large number of urban land readjustments(ULR, 市地重劃). After the de-regulation of the post-development zone in 2004, Urban land re-adjustment implemented by the private sector" (URP, 自辦市地重劃)has grown fastly, and has become the main mechanism for Taichung’s urban expansion. However, the development subject of large-scale URP : land readjustment association, is not composed of private landlords as specified by the law. The land readjustment association is dominated by development companies with a political and business background. Moreover, the urban readjustment project implemented by the private sector has caused many disputes over the distribution of land property rights during the development process. This study attempts to adopt the institutionalist approach to explain this private turn of ULR. Our research question one, what role does the developer and landlord play in URP? How does the developer deviate from the will of the landlord and concentrate the power by the means of land readjustment association?We find the mechanism of land readjustment association endues re-define the developer with immense power of land. We also find that the including the redistribution of the land property rights of the landlords. local government has escaped its responsibilities of regulation. Accordingly, the deprived landlord’s voice was suppressed.
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