| Abstract: | 雞蛋產量在台灣地區相當可觀，廢棄蛋殼的處理方式多為未經任何處理直接掩埋，少部分經過磨碎、乾燥等加工處理後做為動物飼料添加物，使廢棄蛋殼失去副產物再利用的機會。然而，半導體、電鍍、電子工業與其他許多產業往往存在含高量重金屬的廢水產生問題。本研究旨在使用蛋殼副產物與蛋殼鍛燒處理，藉此吸附水溶液中的銅離子，先以一次因子探討反應時間、金屬濃度、吸附劑劑量、溫度與pH；再以反應曲面探討蛋殼副產物與蛋殼鍛燒處理之最適化條件。一次因子實驗結果，在適當的處理下有最佳吸附率，反應時間24小時、金屬濃度25 mg/L、吸附劑劑量10 mg、溫度25℃，蛋殼與帶膜蛋殼在pH5的吸附率分別為95.2%與90.5%，蛋殼膜在pH5.9的吸附率為73.3%。另將蛋殼分別經700℃ 2, 3及4小時(CES1, CES2, CES3)及900℃ 2, 3及4小時(CES4, CES5, CES6)的鍛燒處理，CES1、CES2與CES3的吸附率皆為99.3%，CES4、CES5與CES6的吸附率皆為100%。反應曲面試驗結果，鍛燒蛋殼對於重金屬的吸附能力遠高未鍛燒組別，其最佳條件為900℃, 2小時鍛燒，吸附反應時間20分鐘後，吸附率可達99.3%。試驗結果顯示，蛋殼、蛋殼膜、帶膜蛋殼與鍛燒蛋殼皆可應用於工業廢水中銅離子移除之技術。鍛燒蛋殼吸附銅離子能力較未鍛燒蛋殼佳且吸附快速，並在酸性工業廢水有良好中和性，於實際產學應用有便捷與實用性，未來將此技術用於皮蛋工廠之重金屬廢水處理。
The egg production is quite considerable in Taiwan. The disposal methods of discarded eggshell are mostly buried without treatment, and small parts are utilized as animal feed additives by grinding and drying, so that the by-product of eggshell is valueless from industrial perspective. The opportunity of eggshell by-product was due to lots of waste water in pollution of environment from semiconductors, electroplating, electronics industry and other industries. The purpose of this study was to use eggshell by-product and eggshell calcination to adsorb copper ions in aqueous solution. Firstly, the reaction time, metal concentration, and adsorbent dose, temperature and pH were discussed. Afterwards the reaction surface to explore the optimal conditions for eggshell by-product and eggshell calcination treatment.The results of one-factor-at-a-time experiment showed that the optimal adsorption rate under the appropriate treatment, adsorbent dose, metal concentration, and temperature were 24 hours, 25 mg/L, 10 mg, and 25 ℃, respectively. In addition, the pH effect in adsorption rates of ES and ESWM were detected at pH 5 and pH 5.9, and 95.2%, 90.5%, and 73.3% were found. Further, eggshell after calcination was burned at 700 ° C for 2, 3, 4 hours (CES1, CES2, CES3) and 900 ° C for 2, 3, and 4 hours (CES4, CES5, CES6), the adsorption rate of CES1, CES2 and CES3 were 99.3%, CES4, CES5 and CES6 adsorption rate were 100%. The reaction surface experiment showed the best adsorption rate under proper treatment. The rate is up to 99.3% after 900 °C for 2 hours calcined and 20 minutes reaction time. The results showed that eggshells, eggshell membranes, eggshell with membrane and calcined eggshells can apply in the removal of copper ions from industrial wastewater. The adsorption capacity of the calcined eggshell is better than non- calcined-eggshell and has good neutrality in the acidic industrial wastewater. Therefore, it is convenient and practical for practical production and application. In the future, this technology will be applied to the treatment of heavy metal wastewater in preserved egg factories. |
