| Abstract: | 人口老化是世界各國共同面臨人口變遷時所產生的問題，根據聯合國人口部門（United Nations Population Division）推估，2038 年將全球人口達到90 億人，2056 年預計將超過100 億人，儘管人口持續增長，然而在人口成長率的推估結果發現，全球人口成長率趨緩，推估結果顯示幼年人口歷年遞減，老年人口歷年增加，台灣在1993 年進入老齡化的社會，2018 年邁入高齡社會，2025年將進入超高齡社會，因應台灣人口結構之轉變，高齡者將成為平時都市外部休憩空間主要的服務對象，但台灣現有之都市鄰里公園仍可見到諸多不符其使用之狀況，因此，為高齡者創造出適宜之活動空間將成為刻不容緩的工作。就台灣現況而言，促進高齡者參與休閒活動對於其生理、心理及社交效益皆有所助益，針對高齡者友善環境之評估系統與多圍繞於建築室內等無障礙空間中，以都市外部空間來說較無一定之評估準則，本研究透過高齡者生理、心理及社會等三大層面之需求共同討論，試確立出較符合高齡者使用之高齡友善公園實質環境評估架構，並透過公園之現地調查與高齡者公園使用行為觀察探討其受公園實質環境造成之影響進而確立一套高齡友善公園實質環境的評估系統，經文獻的歸納與整理進行高齡友善公園初擬，以及調查之結果進行評估系統之修擬後，為使本研究於為來更臻完備且能擴大其應用領域，也於文末提出關於高齡者空間環境偏好、不同類型高齡者之空間需求及綠化空間樣態對於高齡者之影響等幾項研究建議，期許未來高齡者於都市之外部空間時，其使用情形較以往更加親人與便利，除了符合高齡者生理上基本需求，高齡友善公園也能具有更加全面之考量。
The aging of the population is a problem that arises when countries all over the world face demographic changes. According to the United Nations Population Division, the global population will reach 9 billion in 2038 and more than 10 billion in 2056, despite the continued population. Growth, however, the results of the population growth rate found that the global population growth rate has slowed down. The results of the estimation show that the young population has been declining over the years, and the elderly population has increased over the years. Taiwan entered an aging society in 1993 and entered the advanced society in 2018. In 2025, it will enter a super-age society. In response to the changes in Taiwan's demographic structure, the elderly will become the main target of the rest of the city's outdoor leisure space. However, Taiwan's existing urban neighborhood parks still see many inconsistencies, so It is imperative for older people to create suitable space for activities.As far as Taiwan's current situation is concerned, promoting the participation of senior citizens in leisure activities is beneficial to their physical, psychological and social benefits. The evaluation system for the friendly environment of the elderly is surrounded by the urban external space. Because there are no specific assessment criteria, this study has been discussed through the three major aspects of the physical, psychological and social aspects of the elderly, and has established a framework for assessing the physical environment of older age-friendly parks that are more suitable for senior citizens. The survey and the observation of the use behavior of the elderly parks to explore the impact of the park's physical environment and establish a set of evaluation system for the physical environment of the old age-friendly park, through the induction and collation of the literature for the preliminary planning of the old age-friendly park, and the results of the survey to evaluate the system After the revision, in order to make this research more complete and expand its application field, it also proposed the spatial environment preference of the elderly, the space demand of different types of elderly people and the influence of green space pattern on the elderly. Several research proposals suggest that the future elderly will be in the outer space of the city. Its usage is more loved than ever and convenience, in addition to satisfying the basic physiological needs of elderly people, the age-friendly park also has a more comprehensive range of considerations. |
