中華民國內政部指出，老年人口已遠超過7%門檻，佔達總人口的14%，台灣已正式進入「高齡社會」，幾乎所有老年人都會因為年老或疾病，導致行動能力下降甚至喪失。2014年時，在中國65歲以上的老人中，每年因為跌倒造成的傷害就達到了4000萬人，且多年以來，跌倒一直是老年人死亡的前十大原因之一。解決這類問題的方式就是利用「外骨骼」設備。因此，本研究首先藉由外骨骼專利地圖製作與分析，瞭解技術特徵及專利佈局，以作為擬定外骨骼技術發展策略的參考，再者，藉由3D Printer製作出本研究Prototype作品，透過專利地圖趨勢分析來探討分析現有外骨骼裝置對於高齡者在行動上的問題，針對所有專利進行探討，了解各類需求及優缺點，再透過建模軟體為高齡者製作出外骨骼輔具，來探討對使用者的幫助及看法與需求，以提供使用者與開發者發展做為參考，透過文獻中整理出的不同功效與類型的專利進行設計，同時可防止落入專利侵權，達成有效專利迴避設計，期能獲知不同屬性之輔具差異，藉以達到使用上便利性。本研究模型主要製作方式使用Solidworks建模軟體進行外骨骼建模，能夠為高齡者客製，針對身形需求進行建模，使穿戴時能夠舒適，並利用 FDM(Fused Deposition Modeling，熱熔融層積)，3D列印方式成形，完成後進行補土、打磨、噴漆、組裝之四項過程進而完成作品。研究顯示(1) 專利地圖製作與分析能有效瞭解外骨骼輔具目前技術手段與功效。(2)以3D列印技術應用於外骨骼輔具設計開發，不但可縮短設計時程，更可減少對於設計者的經驗依賴。(3)透過包覆身體關節，重新設計外骨骼輔具以獲取新型，同時可防止落入專利侵權，達成有效專利迴避設計。 The ministry of the interior indicated the demographic structure in Taiwan is different from aging society. The proportion of aged population is far more than 7 percent and it has reached 14 percent, so Taiwan become an aged society. Almost all the aged reduce or lose mobility because they are old or ill. In 2014, there were 40 million people above 65 years old injured because of fall. Fall is one of ten leading causes of the elder’s death for years. The solution to this problem is exoskeleton device. First of all, we discussed exoskeleton devices to realize the function, efficacy and process of various exoskeletons. Therefore, in this study, we firstly try to understand the technical characteristics and patent layout of Exoskeleton through the design and analysis of its patent map, so that we can establish a technology development strategy for computer Exoskeleton. Moreover, we made a prototype by 3D printer. We analyze the problem of the elder’s actions for current exoskeleton by patent map and trend analysis. We discussed all exoskeleton patents to understand the user’s demands, their advantages and disadvantages. Then we made an exoskeleton device for the elders by Solidworks to realize the benefit to users and their opinions and needs. In order to provide references to users and designers. We expect to know the difference between varied assistive device and increase the user’s convenience. The way of making the model is using Solidworks to model an exoskeleton. The model can be customized for the elders and modeled by their body shape and demands to make them more comfortable when wearing. It is formed by Fused Deposition Modeling. Then it will be finished before pasting filler, polishing, spray painting and assembling. Here are our conclusions: (1) making patent map and analysis on it is a good ways for understand up-to-date technologies and performance of the Exoskeleton . (2) 3D printer can not only accelerate the development, but also reduce the requirement for experiences. (3) The shell of Exoskeleton is redesigned by Covering body joints, in order to get a new type and avoid patent infringement.
