原住民部落生態旅遊發展趨勢與策略研擬-以苗栗縣南庄鄉為例

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Title:	原住民部落生態旅遊發展趨勢與策略研擬-以苗栗縣南庄鄉為例
Other Titles:	The Developing Trends and Strategies of Aboriginal Ecotourism-A Case Study of Nan-Chung Hsiang, Miao-Li Country
Authors:	連啟文 Lien, Chi-Wen
Contributors:	賴明洲 Lai, Ming-Zhou 東海大學景觀學系
Keywords:	生態旅遊;發展策略;SWOT矩陣分析法 Ecotourism;Policy and Planning;SWOT Provides
Date:	2006
Issue Date:	2011-05-06
Abstract:	隨著臺灣觀光產業的快速成長，為避免對旅遊環境造成環境破壞，近年來在觀光資源永續發展及降低遊憩衝擊的概念下，生態旅遊的概念逐漸被推廣。我國生態旅遊的發展，多以原住民地區作為發展區域，目前缺乏明確的發展模式及策略為參考，導致生態旅遊發展之型態及品質參差不齊。生態旅遊的發展需要明確的發展策略供作參考及依循，以避免因不當的開發與活動所造成環境的衝擊與破壞。本研究以南庄鄉原住民地區-東河及蓬萊二村為探討對象，研究其生態旅遊發展條件與SWOT經驗模式，並研擬其生態旅遊發展策略，最後提出其發展生態旅遊之操作模式，以作為國內原住民地區發展生態旅遊之參考。本研究藉由文獻回顧，整理出生態旅遊和策略規劃的相關理論，及南庄鄉原住民地區環境資源後，透過文獻回顧整理出生態旅遊發展條件之評估因子共8大類47項指標並依現況給予評價。依據前述資料分析結果，運用SWOT的矩陣策略規劃方法提出對應南庄原住民地區的生態旅遊發展策略。透過SWOT矩陣分析表，所得到的結果：內部環境因素所具有六個優勢（Strength；S）因素、五個劣勢（Weakness；W）因素；外部環境因素所面臨的五個機會（Opportunity；O）、四個威脅（Threats；T）因素。因此以「導入原鄉文化與生態產業結合的經營觀念，打造「南庄山情－蓬萊風美生態村」、「促進業者合作共識，規劃生態、休閒、原住民文化兼具之休閒旅遊發展策略」、「整體環境永續經營與發展」的目標發展，從SWOT矩陣分析法研擬所得到16個發展生態旅遊的策略。本研究結果除提供南庄鄉原住民地區之生態旅遊發展策略外，對本研究所建立之生態旅遊發展策略評估架構，亦可供後續相關生態旅遊訂定發展策略之參考依據。 In order to avoid the environmental damages due to the fast growth of Taiwan tourism industry, the notion of bionomic tourism has been gradually popularized in the recent years. The concept of the notion is to sustain the long-term tourism continuous developments and to reduce the environmental impacts. At the present stage, the development is mainly targeted on the aborigine residential under the current bionomic tourism strategy, but without a clear and regulated policy and strategy to reference to. Therefore, to reduce the destruction or damage to the environment caused by the inappropriate activities and developments, it is imperative to have clearly defined guidelines for tourism industry and business to reference and follow.This research uses two aborigine residential towns in Nan-Chuang Hsiang, Dong-He and Peng-Lai, as an example; first, to discuss their development condition and the SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity and threat analysis) model; second, to research the methodology to draw up the policy for the bionomic tourism development. At last, it addresses the operation model of the bionomic tourism for the reference of the aborigine residential area developments.This research collects and cites the related theories from environmental resources of aborigine residential towns in Nan-Zhuang village. With the historical recollections, this research summarizes the criteria of the development factors in eight categories and forty-seven indexes and provides the evaluations with the current conditions.According to the results of the previous data analyses, utilizing the matrix strategy and policy of SWOT provides the development strategy for aborigine residential areas of Nan-Zhuang village on bionomic tourism developments. Conclusively, there are six strengths and five weaknesses in the internal surrounding factors as well as five opportunities and four threats in the external surrounding factors. At the end, there are sixteen policies and tactics being developed by SWOT analytical tool to lead into the goals towards “the business concept in combination with original culture and bionomic industry” and forge “the mountain scenery of Nan-Chuang village and the beauty of Peng-Lai bionomic hometown”, “encouragement of the developments for business mutual cooperation, bionomic planning, the combination of leisure time and aborigine culture” and “whole environment continuing management and development”. The results and conclusions will offer bionomic tourism policy and planning to Nan-Chuang village with aborigine residential areas as well as establish the structure of bionomic tourism development strategy and evaluation system. Subsequently, it is to provide further reference and guideline in correlation with future bionomic tourism industry expansion.
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