台灣半開放式廟宇燒香的微粒特性之研究

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Title:	台灣半開放式廟宇燒香的微粒特性之研究
Other Titles:	Characteristic study of particulates and metallic elements for incense burning at sime open Taiwan temple
Authors:	張世祺 Chang, Shyh-Chyi
Contributors:	方國權;張鎮南 Fang, Guor-Cheng;Chang, Cheng-Nan 東海大學環境科學與工程學系
Keywords:	細微粒;粗微粒;微粒物質;燒香;廟宇;金屬元素 PM2.5;PM2.5-10;Particulate matter;Incense burning;Temple;Metallic elements
Date:	2002
Issue Date:	2011-05-19T05:57:24Z (UTC)
Abstract:	摘要本研究於紫雲巖 (120°, 34’, 10” E; 24°, 16’, 12” N) 採集周界大氣中的懸浮微粒，紫雲巖是典型且著名的佛教、道教結合的廟宇，紫雲巖內有燒香的活動(特別是節日及每月初一、十五期間)，有許多來自不同的地區及不同的信仰體系的進香客，紫雲巖的採樣點是屬於通風良好半開放式空間，而平均每天進香客的人數約有3000到5000人。本研究從2001年八月16日到2002年一月2日以Universal採樣器、MOUDI 採樣器及乾沉降板來測量空氣中懸浮微粒特性。本研究中平均在廟宇內的乾沉降通量(58.5 mg m-2day-1)是低於廟宇外的乾沉降通量(平均206.7 mg m-2day-1)，在整各研究期間PM2.5/ PM10介於31%∼87% 範圍平均是71 ± 11%，並發現在非中元節與非每月初一、十五期間之平均質量粒徑分布是雙峰分布，其主要波峰分別分布在0.56-1 μm 及 5.6-10μm，而在中元節與每月初一、十五期間之平均質量粒徑分布也是雙峰分布，其主要波峰分別分布在0.18-0.32 μm 及 5.6-10μm。除此之外，本研究中在紫雲巖廟宇也分析燒香產生細微粒與粗微粒之濃度和成分，紫雲巖廟宇中細微粒之金屬元素濃度中間值的大小順序是Fe > Zn > Cr > Cd > Pb > Mn > Ni > Cu，而在粗微粒之金屬元素濃度中間值的大小順序是Fe > Zn > Cr > Pb > Cd > Ni > Mn > Cu，若以懸浮微粒(PM10)的資料看來顯示出鐵(Fe)、鋅(Zn)與鉻(Cr)在紫雲巖廟宇是主要金屬元素。 Abstract Concentrations of ambient suspended particulates were measured at Tzu Yun Yen Temple (120°, 34’, 10” E; 24°, 16’, 12” N) in this study. This Temple is characteristic of semi-open incense burning in Taiwan. Tzu Yun Yen temple is a typical famous Buddhist-Taoist combined Temple. But there are many pilgrims who come from different areas with various beliefs visiting the temple and burning incense. The average number of people visiting this temple is about 3000 to 5000 per day. Samples were with a universal sampler, MOUDI sampler, and dry deposition plate used for measuring particulate concentrations with sample period collected from 16/08/2001 to 2/1/2002 the temple. The average dry deposition flux (49.4 mg m-2day-1) in the indoor environment is lower than that measured in the outdoor environment (184.0 mg m-2day-1). The PM2.5/ PM10 ratios ranged from 31% to 87% with an average of 70 ± 11% during the heavy incense burning period. The average mass size distributions follows a bimodal with major two peaks occurring at 0.56-1 μm and 5.6-10μm on days of non-Zhong Yuan Jie and non-1st or 15 th days of each month (Chinese lunar calendar). The average mass size distributions are bimodal with two major peaks within 0.18-0.32 μm and 5.6-10μm, respectively during Zhong Yuan Jie and the 1st or 15th for each month (Chinese lunar calendar). In addition, metallic elements concentrations and compositions in PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 for incense burning particles were also analyzed in this study. The median metallic elements concentrations order for these elements are Fe > Zn > Cr > Cd > Pb > Mn > Ni > Cu in fine particle (PM2.5). And the median metallic elements concentrations order for these elements are Fe > Zn > Cr > Pb > Cd > Ni > Mn > Cu in coarse particle (PM2.5-10). These data reflect that elements of Fe, Zn, and Cr were the major elements distributed in PM10 at Tzu Yun Yen Temple.
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