| Abstract: | 樟芝(Antrodia camphorata)為台灣的特有真菌、是一種珍貴藥材，具有增加人體免疫系統功能，然而，目前無法以人工方式成功的栽培子實體。本研究之目的即在於嘗試以液態培養樟芝菌絲體，進一步找出最適合培養絲狀菌的發酵條件，探討其生長速度及多醣生成的變化。 研究結果顯示，在搖瓶液態培養之下，最適合樟芝菌絲生長及多醣生成的溫度為28℃、起始pH 值為5、轉速在100 rpm、5 % (v/v)的菌?接種量，表面通氣以底部無溝槽的500 ml三角瓶內含100 ml 培養液的結果為最佳，在此條件下培養14天後，菌體乾重達到448 mg/100ml，胞外多醣為0.837 mg/ml。 將搖瓶培養所得結果，移到不同的發酵槽培養，於28℃、攪拌速率100 rpm、通氣量0.5vvm，經過14天的發酵後所得到菌體濃度(乾重)結果：7公升氣舉式發酵槽(Airlift fermentor)為7.09 g/L、5公升的船推進器型(Marine type impeller)攪拌發酵槽 5.99 g/L、而5公升的渦輪式(Standard turbine impeller)攪拌發酵槽為5.68 g/L，相對於搖瓶培養的菌體乾重則為5.48 g/L。 不同發酵槽培養14天之後，傳統的渦輪式攪拌發酵槽與其他二者發酵槽比較，多醣產量方面偏低，其胞外多醣0.763 mg/ml、胞內多醣 0.144 mg/ml。藉由改變攪拌葉片而成為船推進器型的攪拌槽(胞外多醣為0.873 mg/ml、胞內多醣 0.246 mg/ml)，或是利用氣舉式發酵槽(可得胞外多醣 1.016 mg/ml、胞內多醣 0.398 mg/ml)，可以改善渦輪式攪拌槽多醣濃度偏低的問題，再加上後二者發酵槽的菌體生長也優於傳統渦輪式攪拌槽，應有助於降低液態培養樟芝菌絲體的生產成本。
Antrodia camphorata is a valuable herb, and only grown in Taiwan. It can strengthen the immune system of human body. At the present time, the cultivation of fructification of A. camphorata has not been successful. The purpose of this study is by using submerged cultures of A. camphorata, to exam culture conditions for the mycelium growth and its polysaccharide formation. The results show that, the uptimaml condition in shake flask cultivations of A. camphorat mycelium and polysaccharide formation is at 28℃, with initial pH 5, at rotating speed 100 rpm and inoculum size 5% (v/v). The 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask without baffle and containing 100 ml medium, after 14 days cultivation, the maximal mycelium dry weigh is 448 mg per 100 ml, exopolysaccharide is 0.837 mg per ml. Culture conditions were adapted to cultivate A. camphorat by different fermentors, at 28℃, agitation speed 100 rpm, and aeration rate 0.5 vvm. After 14 days fermentation, the mycelium dry weight for 7 L Airlift fermentor (AL) was 7.09 g/L; for 5 L stirred tank fetmentor with Marine impeller (MST) was 5.99 g/L; and for 5 L stirred tank fetmentor with turbine disk impeller (TDS) was 5.68 g/L, in compare with 5.48 g/L of the shake flasks. After 14 day fermentation, the microbial polysaccharide formation in the TDS fermentor was low, as compared to the other two fermentors. The concentration of exopolysaccharide and endopolysaccharide in TDS was 0.763 mg/ml and 0.144 mg/ml respectively, while in MST fermentor was 0.873 mg/ml and 0.246 mg/ml; and in AL fermentor, which was the highest, was 1.016 mg/ml and 0.398 mg/ml respectively. The improvement on the TDS fermentor in mycelium growth and polysaccharide production by using MST and AL fermentor would be beneficial in reducing the production cost of the submerged cultures of A. camphorata mycelium. |
