大肚山防火植栽帶建立之研究

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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://140.128.103.80:8080/handle/310901/4605

Title:	大肚山防火植栽帶建立之研究
Other Titles:	A Study on Establishing The Firebreak of plants
Authors:	張集豪 Chang, Chi-Hao
Contributors:	章錦瑜 Chang, Chin-Yu 東海大學景觀學系
Keywords:	防火樹;抗火性;防火帶;天竺草 fire break tree;fire resistance;firebreak;Panicum maximum
Date:	2003
Issue Date:	2011-05-19T06:25:50Z (UTC)
Abstract:	中文摘要在台灣，植物抗火性研究是較少專家學者研究的領域，尤其是運用在都市景觀樹種上。本研究嘗試藉由各種不同的觀點來探討防火樹的特性與種類，提出適用於大肚山火燒地的防火帶配置。本研究研究方法主要分為兩大部份，一是藉由室內抗火性實驗比較出30種植物葉片的各項抗火性能，並探討其影響因素與防火樹所表現出的特徵。二是藉由戶外調查與實驗，了解大肚山天竺草生態系的火燒行為與火燒過後植群的變化，提出適合於大肚山台地防火帶的配置。研究結果顯示，植物抗火性能包括葉片的水份蒸散速率、燃燒速率、葉片厚度、以及葉面有無臘質等項，而燃燒總能則與葉片含水量有關。植物葉片發火點介於440~500℃，因此在火場溫度達640~1000℃的草原火燒地中是可被燃燒的。但火燒地的植群密度不一，造成喬木周圍的地被植物較少，燃料不足而無法引發火災的連鎖反應，以至於喬木的火燒致死率不到1%。由上述結果本研究建議最佳防火樹為福木、印度橡膠樹、榕、龍柏、卵葉鵝掌藤、杜鵑。配置方式以雙排以上、複層植栽並採混合林之方式配置，以維持生態的穩定度、減少管理維護的成本。 Abstract In Taiwan, only few specialists studying on the fire resistance of plants, especially those were planted as ornamental plants in the city. This study aims at suggesting the appropriate site plan for the firebreak of plants in Dadu Mountain and using different viewpoints to proceed the characteristics and species of firebreak trees. The study comprises in two part: one is to analyze the fire resistance on the leaves of 30 kinds of plants by experimental methods in laboratory so that we can find out the effect factors and characteristics of firebreak trees. The other is to recognize the situation of Panicum maximum ecological system and its vegetation simulation after fire accidents. The result of the study shows that the fire resistances of plants depends on the characters of its leaves, including the speed of water evaporation, burning rate, depth of leaves, and the wax on leaves. In addition, the total burning energy is in connection with the quantity of water in leaves. The temperature of leaves to catch fire is between 440~500℃. Therefore, when the temperature of the fired area up to 640~1000℃, it may cause fire. However, different densities of vegetations makes few herbaceous plants between trees, and the firing materials are too little to catch fire so that the death probability of trees is below 1%. According to the result of the study, we suggest the best firebreak trees are Garcinia subelliptica, Ficus elastica, Ficus microcarpa, Juniperus chinenses, Schefflera arboricola and Rhododendron hybrida. Besides, we suggest the dispose of plants had better more than two rows, more than three levels and use mixtures of trees to maintain the ecological stability and reduce the cost of management.
Appears in Collections:	[景觀學系所] 碩士論文

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