| Abstract: | 將幾丁質（chitin）製備為低（0∼10％）、中（40∼50％）及高（>85％）去乙醯度之幾丁聚醣（chitosan）後，再以濃鹽酸將這些幾丁聚醣產品製備成膠態幾丁聚醣（colloidal chitosan），並比較幾丁聚醣及膠態幾丁聚醣的性質，包括掃描式電子顯微鏡（Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM）之內部結構觀察、水解度、黏度、分子量以及去乙醯度等。另外，將幾丁聚醣及膠態幾丁聚醣分別添加不同濃度（2.5、5.0、7.5、10.0％）至基礎飼料、高油脂飼料及高膽固醇飼料中餵養小白鼠，比較二者對小白鼠糞便中脂質、礦物質（鈣、鎂和鐵）和蛋白質含量、飼料攝取量、體重增加率以及肝臟及血漿中膽固醇和三酸甘油酯含量之影響。 結果發現，在幾丁聚醣及膠態幾丁聚醣性質之差異方面，SEM圖顯示膠態幾丁聚醣的結構比幾丁聚醣來得鬆散，水解度和去乙醯度較高，黏度和分子量較低。而在添加幾丁聚醣及膠態幾丁聚醣至基礎飼料、高油脂飼料和高膽固醇飼料餵養小白鼠對其生理活性之影響方面，二者之去乙醯度和添加濃度的提高均使小白鼠糞便中脂質、礦物質和蛋白質含量增加，體重增加率以及肝臟及血漿中膽固醇和三酸甘油酯含量降低，且當此二者去乙醯度較高（>85％）於使用濃度較高（>7.5％）時，有明顯減少小白鼠的飼料攝取量。二者之中，膠態幾丁聚醣使小白鼠排出脂質量較多而礦物質和蛋白質量較少，並且更有效地降低小白鼠的體重增加率以及肝臟和血漿中膽固醇和三酸甘油酯的含量。
Chitosans of low (0~10%), middle (40~50%) and high (>85%) deacetylation degrees were prepared from chitin, then treated wigh 12 N HCl into colloidal chitosans. Chitsons and colloidal chitosans were individually added at different concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0% to basic diet, high fat diet and high cholesterol diet those were feed in mice. Chitosans and colloidal chitosan were compared on some properties such as internal structure（Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM）, hydrolyzing degree, viscosity, molecular weight and deacetylation degree, also on biological activities of mice such as fecal fat, mineral(Ca, Mg, Fe) and protein, feed intake, body weight gain and cholesterol and triglyceride contents within liver and plasma. As a result, colloidal chitosans had more loosening in internal structure, higher hydrolyzing and deacetylation degrees and lower viscosity and molecular weight than chitosans. On the influence of adding chitosans or colloidal chitosans into the basic diet, high fat diet and high cholesterol diet to the biological activities of mice, the higher deacetylation degree or concentration the higher fecal fat, mineral and protein excretion, the lower body weight gain and cholesterol and triglyceride contents in liver and plasma. Both types of chitosans gave an insignificant effect on the feed- intake except at high deacetylated ones were used at a high concentration. Colloidal chotosans showed a higher fecal fat but lower fecal minerals and protein, body weight gain and liver and plasma cholesterol and triglyceride contents than chitosans. |
