| Abstract: | 本研究是從社會工作優勢觀點的角度，探究聽覺障礙者家長超越逆境之生命調適歷程。一方面藉由研究結果的呈現，喚起社會大眾對聽覺障礙者家長之關心與注意；另一方面透過優勢個案工作處遇模式的建構，提供實務工作者在協助聽覺障礙者家長時之參考依據，並累積社會工作專業知識。 首先，研究者從聽覺障礙者家長超越逆境之生命調適歷程、生態系統因素、優勢類型以及生命意義此四個層面，整理相關理論與資料，以作為後續研究進行之參考。除此之外，研究者也針對社會工作優勢觀點的理論性基礎做相關的討論，並藉由此部分文獻探討之結果，作為本研究所欲建構優勢個案工作處遇模式之參考架構。研究者以理論性取樣的方式，選取具有符合社會工作優勢觀點中所提到具有正向復原經驗，並符合本研究之取樣指標的聽覺障礙者家長為受訪者，共計選取11位合適的受訪者。研究者以一對一深度訪談的方式，收集這些受訪者之生命調適經驗與故事，並依據訪談資料的整理與歸納，以此研究結果為基礎，建構聽覺障礙者優勢個案工作之處遇模式。 本研究發現二個重要的核心概念，一是「幸福生活的預設圖像」、二是「自我轉化」，研究者將此二個核心概念與本研究之其他概念之關係加以連結之後，整理出「聽覺障礙者家長超越逆境生命調適歷程」之概念架構。透過此概念架構，研究者歸納出本研究受訪者之所以能超越逆境有下列四項重要的關鍵性因素，一、受訪者為了保護幸福生活的預設圖像不被破壞，因而會產生運用各項資源來解決困境的意願及動機；二、受訪者某些特殊的人生經歷或轉折經驗，先前或持續影響了他們對於聽覺障礙子女的態度與看法；三、受訪者會運用自己所具有的個人、個人與外在資源互動、社會文化此三個層次的優勢，來解決所遭遇的困境；四、自我轉化的產生，受訪者在順利調適子女於各個發展階段中的任務與困境後，自我效能得以透過主要經驗累積並提昇，而使其對於自我的評價更具信心，也能重新看待所遭遇的苦難，發現聽覺障礙子女對自己及家庭的意義與正向影響，並且更進一步投入協助其他家長的工作行列，使其生命更有價值。 最後，研究者也依據研究結果，建構出聽覺障礙者家長優勢個案工作之處遇模式，其內含包括適用對象、問題界定、工作者與服務對象的關係與角色、處遇步驟與策略此四部分。研究者也針對本研究進行之相關限制作探討，並針對研究限制提出未來研究可行方向之建議。
This research aims to explore parents of hearing-impaired children transcend adversities in the process of life adjustments from strengths perspective. This research hopes to arouse the people to pay close attention to the parents of hearing-impaired children. On the other hand, this research also hopes to constructs the practical treatment model of the case work of strengths perspective, accumulate social work knowledge of social work profession. To begin with, the researcher, based on the four dimensions of parents of hearing-impaired children such as the process of life adjustments of transcend adversities, the factor of ecological systems, the type of strengths, the meaning of life, organizes related theories and technical literatures for further discussion and as the reference of this research. In addition to the above content, the researcher discusses the theoretical foundation of strengths perspective for further discussion and as the referential frame to construct the practical treatment model of the case work of strengths perspective of this research. The researcher uses the “theory-based sampling” to select 11 suitable interviewees. The have the positive resilient experience and fit the index of interviewees of this research. By one to one in-depth interviews, the researcher collects their life adjustment experiences and stories about those 11 parents take care their hearing-impaired children. This research finds two important core concepts, one is “an image of well-being”, another is “self transform”. The researcher connects the core concept and the other concept of this research. Next, the researcher organizes the conceptual framework of parents of hearing-impaired children transcend adversities in the process of life adjustments. According to the conceptual framework, the researcher finds four critical causes of transcend adversities of parents of hearing-impaired children.1. In order to protect their image of well-being, interviewees will have the motive and the will to use their strengths to solve the difficult.2. The special life experiences of interviewees affect attitude to deal with their hearing-impaired children.3. Interviewees can use the strength of individual, interactive among individual and external resources, social and cultural to solve the difficult.4. Interviewees appear the phenomena of self transform. Because interviewees succeed to solve the difficult of the developmental phase of their children, so they can accumulate self-efficacy, reinterpretation the meaning and the difficult of the life, discover the positive effect of their hearing-impaired children for them and their family, joint the work to assist another parents of hearing-impaired children to yield further values of life. Based on this research findings , the researcher constructs the practical treatment model of the case work of strengths perspective of parents of hearing-impaired children. The content of the treatment model includes suitable object, problem identify, the professional relationship and the role of workers and clients, the process and strategies of treatment. At least, the researcher discusses the restriction of this research and the suggestion for future research on this topic. |
