環境保育與美學認知對景觀偏好之影響－以都市公園設計手法為例

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Title:	環境保育與美學認知對景觀偏好之影響－以都市公園設計手法為例
Other Titles:	The Influence of Environmental Conservation and Aesthetic Cognitions on the Landscape Preference－A Case Study of Urban Park Designing Approach
Authors:	盛平中 Sheng, Ping-Chung
Contributors:	侯錦雄 Hou, Jing-Shoung 東海大學景觀學系
Keywords:	環境保育認知;美學認知;景觀偏好 environmental protection cognition;esthetics cognition;landscape preferences
Date:	2005
Issue Date:	2011-05-19T08:16:17Z (UTC)
Abstract:	環境保育意識的提升顯示民眾對於環境保育問題的重視，而在公園設計上也同樣反映了如此的趨勢，但在公園設計的思維中，美學的觀點仍是左右設計型式的要素。因此本研究探討民眾的環境保育與美學認知對其所偏好的公園設計手法之影響。本研究選取台中市區內三種不同設計風格類型公園（中正公園、豐樂公園、南屯公園）作為實證研究基地，並結合現地結構式問卷與網路問卷進行調查，總計回收410份問卷。研究結果顯示民眾的環境保育與美學認知會影響其景觀偏好的型式。研究者將環境保育認知與美學認知經因素分析後得到認知組成因素構面，環境保育認知之組成因素構面為『環境關懷』、『環境知識』、『環境道德』及『環境行動』; 美學認知組成因素構面為『環境和諧』、『空間秩序』及『生態平衡』。經由分析後得到兩認知組成構面間有相關性存在。而後再將環境保育認知類群分為『知行一致』、『行動關懷』及『有心無力』三種類群，將美學認知類群分為『自然崇拜』、『型式主義』及『低美學傾向』三種類群，並與景觀偏好組成因素構面『情境偏好』、『體驗自然』及『休憩娛樂』進行分析。研究結果顯示民眾之背景屬性不同，其對於保育與美學認知也會有所不同，且環境保育類群與美學類群對於不同景觀偏好的選擇也會有所差異。但環境保育與美學認知間交互作用影響景觀偏好的情形並不顯著。本研究證實環境保育認知與美學認知間確實有關連性存在，並且與景觀偏好構面有線性關係存在。此外本研究利用判別分析得知保育、美學認知及景觀偏好構面對不同形式之公園設計手法影響程度為何。本研究最終期望能於未來之都市公園規劃設計時考量民眾之環保與美學認知，以塑造整體環保與美學生活環境。 The increase in the consciousness of environmental protection means people are now paying even more attention to problems related to environmental protection issues; the modern park design also reflects the same on going trend. However, for the park design, the esthetics view point is still an important factor dictating how the park is actually formulated. Hence, the research explored how people’s environmental protection consciousness and esthetics cognitions affect the preferences on city park sceneries. This research had selected three different parks in the Taichung city, each with different design and style, to be the base of research activities. The parks were combined with on site structural surveys and internet surveys for further investigation and a total of 410 questionnaires recovered. The results had shown that people’s environmental protection consciousness and esthetics cognitions can actually affect their preferences on landscape. Researcher obtained the cognition component structure through factor analysis of both environmental protection and esthetics cognition. Components of environmental protection cognition are environment caring, environmental knowledge, environmental ethics, and environmental action. Esthetics cognition components are environmental harmony, spatial order, and ecological balance. Through research and analysis, we discovered that there was certain relationship exists between two sets of components. Next, the environmental cognition components were further divided into three different groups of “knowing is doing”, “active caring”, and ”willing yet incapable”; the esthetics cognition components were divided into groups of “nature worship”, “formalism”, and “ low esthetics tendency”. The above groups were again analyzed in conjunction with scenery preference components of landscape preference, experiencing nature, and recreation and entertainment. The results had shown that different backgrounds of people could lead to different perceptions in environmental protection and esthetics, different groups in environmental protection and esthetics also had different choices in landscape preferences. There was no obvious difference in the selections of landscape preferences under the interaction between environmental protection and esthetics cognition components. This research had verified the relationships between environmental protection and esthetics cognitions; and there did exist a linear relationship with the landscape preference components. The purpose of the research was to hope for future incorporations of people’s environmental protection and esthetics cognition into city park design, creating integrated environmental protection and esthetics living environments.
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