以稻殼及稻殼灰吸附水中鎳之研究

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题名:	以稻殼及稻殼灰吸附水中鎳之研究
其它题名:	A Study of Nickel Adsorption from Aqueous Solution by Rice Husk and Rice Husk Ash
作者:	張珮綺 Chang, Pei-Chi
贡献者:	魏玉麟 Wei, Yu-Ling 東海大學環境科學與工程學系
关键词:	鎳;稻殼;稻殼灰;吸附;熱處理;電鍍廢液;XAS nickel, rice husk, rice husk ash, adsorption, thermal treatment, plating wastewater, XAS
日期:	2006
上传时间:	2011-05-24T08:45:22Z (UTC)
摘要:	本研究包括二大部分，第一部份為批次等溫吸附之研究，第二部份含鎳RH之熱處理研究。使用稻殼(簡稱RH) 與稻殼灰(簡稱RHA，由稻殼經900 oC灰化1小時所產生)吸附自行配製之NiSO4溶液與實廠之含Ni (II)電鍍廢液，進行吸附鎳之實驗，並將其吸附鎳後之固相樣品進行各種儀器分析，探討吸附鎳前後之樣品外觀、官能基及物種之變化。並將RH分別吸附自行配製之NiSO4溶液與實廠含鎳廢液之樣品，經500、900、1100 oC熱處理2小時後，使用儀器分析探討其吸附機制與鎳物種之變化。研究結果顯示RHA對鎳的吸附量比RH佳。RH吸附鎳適合以Langmuir模式模擬，而RHA適合以Freundlich模式模擬。含鎳之RH經熱處理後，Ni之酸萃出率隨著熱處理溫度增高而降低，高溫可有效將鎳安定化於樣品內；但在1100 oC時，鎳萃出率略為上升，推測可能在1100 oC時RHA之SiO2晶相產生改變，而將部份鎳排至SiO2晶相表面。經105 oC烘乾鎳物種與NiSO4相似；而經500－1100 oC熱處理後，鎳與SiO2似乎有形成複合鹽類之現象，且含鎳樣品之Ni-O與Ni-Ni結構層互相重疊，顯示樣品環境基質複雜，導致樣品之原子結構配位數降低而Ni-O (第一層)與Ni-Ni (第二層)鍵長略為縮短。 This study contains two parts: isothermal adsorption experiments of nickel by rice husk (denoted as RH) and rice husk ash (denoted as RHA, generated by heating RH at 900 oC for one hour); thermal treatment of RH that is spiked with nickel. The concentrations of nickel were measured by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). Both Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations were applied to simulate the adsorption models of nickel. Nickel-sorbed RH was thermally treated at 500, 900, and 1100 oC for 2 hours. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), surface area (BET), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and others were used to study speciation change of nickel. The results indicate that RHA has a greater adsorption capactity of nickel than RH. Langm?ir model was appropriate for nickel adsorption by RHA, and Freundlich model was appropriate for the RH. The XRD results showed that the phase of SiO2 of RH transformed from amorphous to cristobalite after heating at 1100 oC for 2 hours. The XANES results show that the nickel containingsamples formed Ni/SiO2 composite compounds after heating at 500, 900, and 1100 oC for 2 hours. The Fourier transforms results show that the matrix of nickel containing samples is complicate after heating at 500, 900, and 1100 oC for 2 hours; whereby shortening the interationic distances of both in the environment and lead the first shell (Ni-O) and the second shell (Ni-Ni).
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