| Abstract: | 現存園林多為明清的遺緒,加上古代園林理論的闕如，故從〝山水畫論〞來研究古代的園林思想與自然審美觀正有其意義。而這種論述方式，也將宋代園林的描述性資料，論釋、統合成一完整的園林手法、思想。本論文主要分四部份：１中國文化與自然山川關係密切。在藝術方面山水詩、山水畫、園林為代青。本論文首先論述三者間的密切關係。包括手法與思想背景（易經、儒、道、釋....等）。２宋代特殊的時空、政經、文化背景，使山水畫、畫論達巔峰，北宋郭熙的《林泉高致》，便是一部繼往開來的山水畫論。因此若以畫論來談古代園林的思想、手法，特別是宋代園林﹛m林泉高致》集是最合適的。３詮釋《林泉高致》集，包括藝術品之境界與作者精神涵養的關係，及主體創作前的遊歷、體悟、構思，創作時的精神狀態，及審美理想。並將之與園林、建築創作類比。４將《林泉高致》中所呈現的宇宙觀、環境觀、審美觀、設計觀、自然觀與宋代園林史料，即皇家園林〝艮嶽〞及洛陽、吳興私家名園的記載作類比，並整理出古代園林的功能、手法、審美理想。也說明計成的《園冶》，大部分是古代園林思想的延續。
Due to the fact that the existent gardens are mostly the remains of the Ming and Ching Dynasties and the fact that the ancient theories of gardening are rare, it is meaningful to study the ancient thoughts on gardening and the esthetic of nature through the theories of Chinese landscape painting. By this methodm I also attempt to interpret and systematize the writing resource of the Sung gardens, so as to bring the ancient thoughts on gardening and the techniques of gardening to light. Chinese culture isclosely related to nature. This intimate relationship can be proved by Chinese art, especially by Chinese landscape poetry, Chinese landscpe painting, and gardens. This thesis firstly discourses upon the attached relationship between Chinese landscape poetry, Chinese landscape painting, and gardens, examining their techniques and theoretucal backgrounds (Taoism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Book of Changes, etc.) The unique political and economic situation, social milieu, and cultural climate of the Sung Dynasty inpels Chinese landscape painting and the theories of Chinese landscape painting to its consummation. Among various theoretical works of Chinese landscape painting, Lin Quan Gao Zhi (written by a renowned landscape painter of the North Sung Dynasty, Guo Xi) is the one that carries forward the course and forges ahead into the future. Thus, to study the techniques of ancient gardens and the thoughts on ancient gardening, especially those of the Sung Dynasty, in the light of Lin Quan Gao Zhi on four different aspects. I study the relationship between the author''s spiritual culture and the artistic conception of the work of art, the author''s peregrination, realization, and conceptualization before his act of artistic creation, the author''s mental state at the moment of the artistic creation, as well as the aesthetic ideal. Furthermore, these aspects shown in Lin Quan Gao Zhi analogized with those shown in gardening and architectural creation. The perspectives on universe, environment, esthetic, design, and nature presented in Lin Quan Gao Zhi are analogized with those in the historical records of the Sung gardens, the royal garden-Genyue-and noted private gardens located in Luoyang and Wuxing. The functions, techniques, and esthetics of ancient gardens applied in these ancient gardens are also clarified and systematized. Finally, I elucidate that most of Jicheng''s Uanye, a theoretical work of gardening, is the sequel of the ancient thoughts of gardening.-1 -aThe Thoughts on Gardening in the Theories of Chinese Landscape Painting : A study of the Sung Gardening on the basis of Guo Xi'' Lin Quan Gao Zhi |
