| Abstract: | 戰後，隨著政府播遷，許多大陸僧侶在這座島上落腳，他們帶來中土佛教的正統形象和太虛大師的改革思潮，也洗去了日本佛教在臺灣的殘跡。當時既有的寺院除閩南式樣者外，有不少受日人影響的作品，但由於政府處理敵產的態度、移民們濃厚的思鄉情結和「監督寺廟條例」等因素，中國北方宮殿式樣透過程度不一的步趨，成為當時許多新建寺院的形式前提。 在土地改革、多期經濟建設計畫等一連串的措施下，臺灣經濟起飛，都市化程度加劇，宗教得到發展的契機，但以美援故，在我國退出聯合國、中美斷交後，佛教始自西方宗教的手中取得大幅成長的空間。而緊接著的解嚴和人民團體法更使許多傳統或新興佛教組織得以迅速茁壯。 早年崇尚太虛大師而以新僧自許的星雲法師，渡臺至今，在教內外的競爭中逐漸嶄露頭角，以新穎的弘化模式和佈點策略將法緣推向五大洲，並擁有海內外近200 處據點，而藉由租賃、借用、接管、捐贈、購買等因緣取得的派下據點，也具有多元的功能與面貌。 作為一探索性研究和基礎資料建構，本論文先嘗試就佛光山派下國內據點做整體的概觀，再針對中部教區的道場深入研究，以釐清其建築在現代化過程中的四個面向： 1.道場志業化、據點化的歷史與社會背景。 2.據點的形成、功能、分級、區位等策略。 3.不同據點條件下的宗教設境與慣用手法。 4.道場現代化的規劃、使用等常模與課題。
Right after the World War Ⅱ, along with the KMT government, seas of bonzes came from the Chinese mainland to Formosa and settled here. They brought Taiwan the orthodox figure of mainland buddhism, together with the buddhistic revolution advocated by master Tai-Shu, and wiped away the influence of Japanese buddhism as well. There were then lots of temples with South-Fukien or Japanese style. But, owing to the way the government dealt with the buildings left by the enemy, the strong nostalgia for the mainland, and 'the Temple Controlling Regulations', the Chinese palatial style was thus a precondition to most of the new temples. As a chain of economic plans were carried out step by step, Taiwan became richer, urbanization took place widely, and religion thus had a chance to thrive. But owing to the US aid, buddhism here didn't have much room to grow until ROC left the UN and the diplomatic relations between ROC and USA were severed. Besides, as martial law was annulled and the 'Citizen Society Law' was issued, lots of traditional or new buddhistic organizations developed more speedily. Since he arrived Taiwan, Master Hsing-Yun, who in his youth adored Tai-Shu and thence styled himself 'new bonze', has emerged out of the competitors inside and outside the buddhistic circle in Taiwan. With new strategies of dharma preaching and base promoting, he succeeded in forwarding the buddhistic business all over the world and established almost 200 bases. Meanwhile, the bases of Fo-Guang-Shan friary gained through renting, borrowing, takeover, contribution and purchase, have therefore various functions and types. As an elementary research and basic data, this thesis first tries to survey all the bases of Fo-Guang-Shan friary in Taiwan, and second focuses on that in its middle parish, in order to explore four aspects of modernization of such religious bases: 1.the historical and social background of temples containing religiousy business and some become mere friary bases. 2.the strategies of bases in promoting, function, ranking and location. 3.the religious setting and habitual modes under various base conditions. 4.the programming, managerial modes and tasks in modernization. |
