手足團體、家庭資源與教育成就

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Title:	手足團體、家庭資源與教育成就
Other Titles:	Sibling Groups, Family Resources, and Educational Attainment
Authors:	謝志龍 Hsueh, Chi-Long
Contributors:	蔡瑞明 Tsay, Ruey-Ming 東海大學社會學系
Keywords:	手足團體;家庭資源;教育成就;地位取得 sibling group;family resource;educational attainment;status attainment
Date:	2003
Issue Date:	2011-06-14T02:45:55Z (UTC)
Abstract:	有關影響教育成就的因素，許多研究發現「家庭背景」與「未來成就」之間具有因果關係。本研究同時思考「家庭外部」與「家庭內部」的結構變項，特別聚焦台灣家庭內部的手足團體，並結合家庭資源的概念，假設手足團體間的手足數目、排行位置與性別角色等因素都會影響家庭資源的分配，並造成未來成就的差異。本文使用「華人家庭動態資料庫（Panel Study of Family Dynamics）」的資料，期望能夠釐清台灣家庭中手足團體的作用，以及家庭背景和未來成就之間的因果關係。本研究發現社會結構變項（族群、世代、家庭社經地位）與家庭結構變項（排行位置、性別角色、手足數目、出生時父親年齡）等，皆會影響家庭資源的教育投資策略、形成手足團體的不均等教育投資，進而造成教育成就差異。台灣社會的男性偏好與長子偏好扮演相當作用，會影響手足團體間的教育投資程度，越被重視的角色位置（如男性排行、長子角色等）將被提供越多家庭資源，以幫助其未來可以達成的教育成就。然而，不可忽略的是，台灣社會中的男孩偏好未因世代而改變，但長男偏好的現象則在年輕世代中的效力減低，么男有逐漸備受重視的趨勢。 Many researchers have found the causal relationship between family background and status attainment. To elaborate this causal relationship, this thesis takes into account both the structural variables of within-family and between-families, in particular, the effects of sibling groups, on one’s status attainment. By employing the concepts of family resources and resource dilution, I propose that, in Taiwan, the sibship size, ordinal position and gender all have an effect on the distribution of family resources, which tend to shape the results of one’s future status attainment. The data of this analysis mainly come from the Panel Study of Family Dynamics. The results shows that social structural variables (ethnicity, age cohort, and family’s SES) and family’s structural variables (ordinal position, gender role, sibship size, father’s age when one was born) all play a significant role in distributing family’s resources, resulted in unequal investment of educational resources and differing status attainment within sibling groups. In Taiwan, the son preference and eldest son preference both have a strong effect on the educational investment with the sibling groups. The preferred role positions are rewarded with more family’s resources than others. Although the eldest-son preference is still popular in Taiwan, it is losing popularity in the young cohorts; with the preference of youngest son is on the rise.
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