本論文探討在高溫、低溫與高速充電條件下，Ca(OH)2、Mg(OH)2、MnO2與ZnO等四種鎳電極添加劑對於鎳極性質的影響與鎳電極中添加劑的最佳組成探討。首先討論每種添加劑之添加量對於鎳極的影響，接著以直交表實驗設計法討論對鎳極利用率影響顯著之添加劑，最後藉由混合物設計法，探討鎳極添加劑之最佳組成。 實驗結果發現高含量（12%）添加劑對於鎳極利用率的提升有幫助，高溫（60℃）充電下，添加Ca(OH)2對鎳極利用率之提升效果最佳。低溫（0℃）充電下，分別添加12% MnO2與12% ZnO的鎳電極其利用率最高，分別為104%與104.84%。高速（1C）充電下，添加MnO2對鎳電極其活性物利用率之添加量佔鎳極重量之8%的提升最有幫助。添加劑影響鎳利用率的主要原因有，電極之電化學性質，鎳活性物中γ-NiOOH之比例與對電性活性面積之影響。當添加劑的加入使電荷轉移阻力下降，電雙層電容增加，擴散阻抗下降，γ-NiOOH含量增加與電極活性面積增加均有助於鎳極利用率之提升。 最後同時考慮四種添加劑Ca(OH)2、Mg(OH)2、MnO2與ZnO，利用混合物設計法探討鎳電極添加劑的最佳組成，結果發現，在高溫充電條件下，添加劑組成為55.5% Ca(OH)2、6.1% Mg(OH)2、38.4% ZnO最大利用率為88.12%。在低溫條件充電下，一般放電條件（30℃，0.2C）下，添加劑組成為11.4% Ca(OH)2、33.2% Mg(OH)2、55.3% MnO2與0.1%ZnO最大利用率為102.14%。在高速充電條件下，一般放電條件下，組成為28.6% Mg(OH)2、48.3% MnO2、23.1% ZnO之最大利用率為106.28%。 The effect of additives, e.g. Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, MnO2 and ZnO, on the utilization and the optimal compositions for the Ni electrode were studied in this thesis. The effect of every additive on the characteristics of Ni electrode was first discussed, then the additives evidently affecting the utilization of Ni electrode was found by Taguchi''s methods. The optimal composition of additives was also evaluated by the mixture design method. The experimental results indicated that the utilization of Ni electrode was promoted by a high weight fraction (12%) of additives. Compared with the other additives, Ca(OH)2 and MnO2 had the best performance on the utilization of Ni electrode for the high temperature (60℃) charge and high charging rate (1 C), respectively. The maximum utilizations of Ni electrode were obtained as 104% and 104.84%, respectively, for the low temperature (0℃) charge when 12% MnO2 and 12% ZnO was added into the Ni electrode. Using additives in the Ni electrode of Ni/MH battery, the main factors affecting the utilization of Ni electrode were the characteristics of electrode, the content of g-NiOOH and the active area of electrode. Decreasing the charge transfer and diffusion resistances and increasing the electric double layer capacity the utilization of Ni electrode increased. The total weight fraction of additions was chose as 8%. The optimal additive compositions of 55.5% Ca(OH)2, 6.1% Mg(OH)2 and 38.4% ZnO for the high temperature (60℃) charging condition was evaluated by the mixture design method and the maximum utilization of Ni electrode was obtained as 88.12%. The optimal compositions were 11.4% Ca(OH)2, 33.2% Mg(OH)2 and 55.3% MnO2 for the low temperature (0℃) charging condition and the maximum utilization of Ni electrode was 102.14%. Finally the maximum utilization of Ni electrode was found as 106.28% for the high charging rate (1 C) and the optimal compositions were 38.6% Mg(OH)2, 48.3% MnO2 and 23.1% ZnO.
