| Abstract: | 刑法的功能在規範人與人間的關係，用來確保社會共同生活的秩序。亦即，刑法的任務不僅要懲治犯罪實現公平正義，也要保障人民的基本權利，這雙重任務基本上呈現緊張的關係。此一緊張關係的調和，是刑事司法中非常重要的規範內容。早年刑法的規範傾向於單以處罰犯罪為主軸，現今世界各國的人權思想發端於歐洲，人權保障的觀念一直在演化。近年來漸漸重視人權保障的概念，認為刑法制定除了要有效處罰犯罪人，也應注重犯罪人的人權保障，並兼顧使犯罪人能再度回歸社會的考量。因此，一切制度的設計都應當適時調整，因為人不會活在停滯不前的社會，刑法需要不斷調整，才能因應現實的社會條件。然而不管現實社會條件如何改變，刑法有所變與有所不變，不變的是應當不斷找尋「人權保障」與「公平正義」的平衡點。本研究嘗試以我國的社會變遷與刑事司法制度之關係作為研究重點，針對：「追求正義與保障人權並重」、「社會變遷與刑法規定衡平」、「罪刑法定的刑事司法制度」、「刑法制訂與人民法感相符」等研究目前刑法制度的修正方向，並同時蒐集歐美等國相關的研究內容，研討如何解決現行制度之缺失，針對我國國情之需要，提出更適合我國的刑法制度。
The function of the criminal law is to regulate the relationship between people for the purpose of maintaining the peace and order of the social life. In other words, the criminal law carries two missions, one is to punish the criminals for maintaining social fairness and justice, while the other is to protect the rights of people. However, incompatible as the former with the latter, harmonizing the tension of the dual missions therefore, is the very prominent issue in the criminal judiciary system. The norms of the criminal law, in the early stage, was tend to focus on single track-punishing the criminal; while compelled by evolution of the conception of human rights which raised in Europe, the criminal law gradually puts increasingly emphasis the efficiency of punishment of the criminals, and the protection of the human right of the criminals and even the consideration of the returning back to the society of the criminals. Since it is impossible for people to live in a still society, to come up with the actual society life, it is therefore, necessary to adjust the existing legal system timely. However, no matter how actual conditions of the society change, the criminal law should hold on one thing, that is searching the equilibrium of the protection of human right and the fairness and justice. Therefore, the point of my research is to explore the relationship between the social transition and the judicial legal system in our country. To figure out the revision direction of the existing criminal law, I should put emphasis on the equilibrium of the protection of human right and the fairness and justice; the equilibrium of the social transition and the criminal law codes; the law rule- oriented criminal law system; the convincing of people to the decision of the criminal cases. Additionally, I should also collect the research result of the Europe and the USA to work on the solution of the defects of our legal system. And in the mean time, I would like to propose a better criminal legal system for meeting the need of our country and making our people more convincing to the decision of the court. |
