中途失明者之求助考量

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Title:	中途失明者之求助考量
Other Titles:	Help Seeking Consideration of the Acquired Blindness
Authors:	張詩韻 Chang,Shih Yun
Contributors:	曾華源 Tseng, Hua Yuan 東海大學社會工作學系
Keywords:	回報;關係;求助考量;求助行為;中途失明者;因應策略;人情 reciprocity;guanxi,;help-seeking consideration;help-seeking behavior;acquired blindness,;coping strategy;renching
Date:	2012
Issue Date:	2013-01-02T02:33:49Z (UTC)
Abstract:	本研究旨在探討中途失明者尋求他人協助之考量、關係對其求助行為之影響，以及中途失明者之求助歷程。盼能藉由處在華人關係網絡中的中途失明者主體經驗，梳理文化與中途失明者之間的糾結，以便了解其求助行為背後之考量。本研究採取紮根理論的研究方法，藉由八名成年中途失明者進行半結構式的訪談。　　根據研究發現，將中途失明者求助歷程分為以下三階段：一、因應與評估：個人因為障礙發生，產生求醫、求神、情緒低潮等因應機制，因尚無法接受視力退化的事實，故會有人際關係改變，且出現各項需求。二、人情考量：為了滿足需求，會開始尋找適合的對象幫忙，首先進行關係判斷(包括家人、熟人、外人)，再來做回報考量（思考能否回報以及如何回報）。三、求助與否：從主動求助到被動受助，共分為我敢、我想、我能、我不敢、我不想及我不要等六種狀況，並搭配少欲少煩惱、順便幫個忙、花錢買服務等三種策略。此外，社經地位、價值體系、家庭結構與動力及自尊威脅程度也會影響中途失明者的求助行為。針對上述研究發現，本研究回應相關的求助理論，並提出對直接服務與服務輸送的反思。關於直接服務的反思，提醒社會工作者的服務需回到服務對象的身邊，試著理解文化所勾勒的痕跡；關於服務輸送的反思，包括「行」無礙的基本需求仍有待滿足；可思考以互惠為根基的服務模式；善用自尊威脅程度、義務感、負債感等心理機制促成改變；對家庭樣貌的評估要有多元思考，而長期協助者也需要被增強。 This qualitative study explores the help-seeking considerations of the acquired blindness including how guanxi influence on their help-seeking behaviors and process. Hope through their subjective experiences could figure out complications between the acquired blindness and Chinese culture. This study adopted the grounded theory method of qualitative research approach and 8 adult participants are selected as the research target interviewed as semi-structural way. As for research findings arranged for 3 stages in help-seeking process of the acquired blindness are as in the followings:1. Coping and AssessmentBecause of the visual impairment, individuals may seek medical care, folk healing, emotion down etc other resolution Mechanisms. Result in individual’s can’t accept eyesight degeneration which effect on their interpersonal relationships or others in life.2. Renching considerationsIn order to satisfy their own needs, they will appeal to right one. At the beginning, they will judge how relationships of others like family, acquaintances, strangers, then thinking how or whether they can reciprocate or not.3. Seeking help or not From active to passive for process of seeking help could sort 6 situiations: I dare, I want, I could, I dare not, I don’t want, I couldn’t. There are 3 strategies, less desires and worries, in passing do me a favor, buy services by cost money.In addition, socio-economic statuses, value systems, family structure and dynamics and the degree of self-threatening will also affect their help-seeking behavior. According to the discoveries from this research, this thesis provides some rethink for theories of the help-seeking behavior, social work direct and indirect practice. As for direct service, remind social workers have to consider back to clients themselves and try to understand culture influence on them. About social welfare service delivery, Barrier-free space is not enough; do more for client’s needs through using reciprocity-based service approach; moreover, make good use of some psychological mechanisms like the degree of self-threatening, obligation identity, indebtedness. Then social workers need to have the diversity assessment of the acquired blindness’ family backgrounds, as well as the long-term help-givers also need to encourage.
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