| Abstract: | 早期療育是兒童福利中的重要項目，主要服務包含通報轉介、聯合評估、個案管理以及療育服務，為一跨醫療、教育及社政三領域的專業。早期療育專業分工以通報轉介及個案管理由社政單位主責辦理。尤其個案管理中心的社會工作者提供家庭密集且深入的服務，實為重要。由此可知，早期療育社會工作者必須具備特殊專業技能，才能順利推展服務。因此，本研究欲探討的研究問題有以下兩點：早期療育社會工作者應具備的核心能力有哪些？在這些核心能力中，又有哪些是比較重要的？ 本研究以修正式德菲法為研究方法，邀請11位具有五年以上早期療育個案管理服務經驗，且仍進行直接服務的實務工作者或督導擔任專家小組成員，視為實務專家。經過了一回合的訪談及一回合的問卷調查後，歸納、整理出早期療育社會工作者核心能力包含知識、實務行為與價值態度三面向，共包含44項核心能力。其中知識面向核心能力包含發展遲緩兒童與家庭相關知識及跨專業知識兩部分，共16項核心能力，且需於工作後三個月內或工作後一年內具備；實務行為面向核心能力包含與家庭一起工作的能力、與家庭及專業團隊一起工作的能力以及一般工作能力三部分，共15項核心能力，且大多核心能力需於工作後一年內具備；價值態度面向核心能力包含社會工作專業價值、工作哲學及人生哲學三部分，共13項核心能力，且大多核心能力需於工作前就得具備。 依據研究結論，本研究提出以下建議：一、建議早期療育業務地方主管機關編制縣市工作指導書，並歸納核心能力加強項目，培育或提升縣市內早期療育社會工作者相關核心能力。二、建議承接早期療育個案管理中心機構建立完善督導制度，並規劃有系統的職前訓練與在職訓練。其中，職前訓練課程內容包含兒童發展基本知識，與醫療、教育及社政領域知識與資源，以及早期療育基本概念；在職訓練課程包含發展遲緩兒童家庭相關知識課程、會談技巧訓練、社會工作實務理論運用、人際溝通技巧、專業團隊合作及行政庶務等內容。三、建議學校社會工作專業教育應培養價值態度面向核心能力，課程內容除了早期療育基本概念外，主要針對早期療育領域中社會工作專業價值與倫理進行教學，課程內容包含認識服務對象、社會工作倫理守則、個案紀錄撰寫與社會工作專業價值等四方面。四、建議已經擔任或有意願擔任早期療育社會工作者的個人或學生，增加對服務對象的認識。
Early intervention is an important service among child welfare. In Taiwan, Early intervention services including reporting referral, multidisciplinary assessment, case management and early intervention which is an inter-professional cooperation by medical, education and social welfare 3 fields. As for social welfare department is the main core to take charge of reporting referral and case management, especially they own professional social workers to provide clients and their families close and deep services in the management centers; therefore, we could get a clue is professional competence of social workers in this area is necessary and important so that they can keep social welfare delivery more smoothly. Base on this, the study try to inquiry two questions to know more about core competence of social workers in early intervention region: What core competence do social workers supposed to have? and in these core competence which were be more important? This study adopted modified Delphi method as research approach and 11 social workers who have been serving more than 5 years early intervention case management working experiences, some of them even being supervisors in practice. Pass through a round of interviewed, questionnaires investigated and generalized, finally summarized 3 fragments 44 items of social worker’s core competence. Knowledge is one of three core competence , including knowledge of developmental delay children and cross multi-professional 2 parts, 16 items, at least working over 3 months or less than 1 years will built the competence. Second, practical behaviors, containing abilities working with families, other professional teams and some basic abilities 3parts, 15items, need working less than a year that competence will possessed. Finally, value attitude having social work profession, working and living philosophy 3 parts, 13 items, must own before working in the field. According to the research results, this thesis gives the following recommendations:1.Suggest that local authorities compile working guide books which generalized core competence items that could nurture or promote social worker’s competence more better.2.Recommend build more complete system of supervision in early intervention case management centers and plane initial and job training systematically. In initial training, basic child development, early intervention, medical, education and social welfare knowledge and information should be included. As for job training, have to imply knowledge and course of children with development delay, interview skills, social work theory practiced, interpersonal communication skills, inter-professional cooperation and administrative general affairs. 3.Propose school social worker education should enhance on value-attitude of the core competence. Besides teach basic early intervention concepts, it should focus on social work profession values and ethics which containing knowing clients, social work ethical principles, case recording training and so on. 4.Advise early intervention social workers or prepare to join in this field’s students must promote themselves to realize clients more. |
