| 摘要: | 近二十年來食品產業迅速發展，使得飲食生活日益富饒，同時為了追求食品的產量、品質與延長保存期限，食品生產製程的生物科技技術、化學添加物或者保存技術被開始廣泛運用，卻因而引發多起食品安全事件，引發消費者對於選擇食品時出現信心動搖。然而在這些安全事件當中，發生安全問題的攝食場所大多以學校為主，其中又以學校午餐的案例為大宗，因此掌握消費者對於學校午餐的信任關鍵因素並藉以促使消費者建立對於學校午餐擁有良好的信任態度，是非常重要的課題。本研究為了確認影響消費者對於學校午餐的信任關鍵因素，並建構出一套用以瞭解消費者對於學校午餐的信任評估模式，因此首先探討台灣的學校午餐之歷史沿革，並分析目前台灣學校午餐的現況；選定新北市的市立小學為例以及將家長視為消費者，運用模糊德爾菲法(FDM)以專家座談或郵寄問卷的方式，篩選出適合的評估因素，再以模糊層級分析法(FAHP)計算各評估因素的權重值，並將各評估因素進行等級的劃分，最後建構出完整的評估模式。研究結果顯示，台灣的學校午餐發展主要可以分為「導入時期」、「援助與推廣時期」、「自救期」、「體質轉換期」以及「午餐產業化升級期」。除此之外，家長在建構學校午餐的信任態度時，主要是以「制度信任」及「計算信任」為主。其中「營養師之專業性」是目前影響家長建立信任態度時的極為重要之評估因素。其次，家長在建立信任時亦相當注重「廚工之專業性」、「學校衛生法確實執行」、「食品良好衛生規範制度的落實」、「衛生稽核員之專業性」以及「學校午餐的衛生狀況」等五項評估因素。因此，若要讓家長對於學校午餐建立良好的信任態度，應當優先考慮及加強上述家長在建立信任時較會注重的評估因素，如此應能容易獲得良好的信任結果。
The rapid development of the food industry has increasingly enriched our daily diet in the past two decades. Therefore, in order to pursue enough quantity of foods, higher quality and extend the shelf life, makers started using biotechnology, chemical additives or preservation method widely in production process. But it has triggered more food safety incidents, cause consumer’s trust is lowered and confidence is shaken when they are choosing foods. However, the places where occurred food safety incidents are almost in schools. Those incidents which in schools are always the case of school lunches. For this reason, it’s important to know the key evaluation factors of consumers’ trust for school lunches and encourage them to keep up with a good attitude of trust. This study confirmed the key evaluation factors which will strongly influence the trust of consumers for school lunch, and tried to build up an evaluation model of consumers’ trust for school lunch. The flow of this study is (1)to explore the history of Taiwan's school lunches and analyze the current status of Taiwan's school lunches, (2) to sample parents of New Taipei City's municipal elementary schools as consumers of school lunches, then screen the evaluation factors which are appropriately by using Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM), (3)to calculate the weight value of evaluating factors with the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process Method (FAHP), (4) to divide grades and draws up evaluative criterions of each evaluation factors for establishing evaluation model towards consumers’ trust in elementary schools lunch of New Taipei City. In conclusion, five stages are found in school lunches’ history of Taiwan which are “import period”, “ aid‐receiving and promotion period”, “ independence period”, “conversion period” and “industrial upgrading period”. Besides, the main trust attitude of parents are based on “Institutional trust” and “Calculative trust”. On the other hand, the “professionality of nutritionist” is the most important evaluation factors which influence the attitude of parents to form trust attitude. In the similar way they also attend the evaluation factors like “professionality of cook”, “ well practice of School Health Act”, “well practice of Good Hygienic Practice”, “professionality of hygiene auditor” and “ hygiene of school lunches”, etc. In other words, parents can keep up with a great attitude of trust for school lunch if the government organization or the proper authorities of school lunches give attention to the evaluation factors which the parents focused on. |
