公共廁所是滿足人們日常生活之生理需求的功能性空間，而因應廁所空間使用條件或需求不同則需要相應的場域規劃。2001年成立的世界廁所組織（WTO）即是為了關注公共廁所的衛生安全，然而，對於使用者在公共廁所使用上的心理感受是否也應得到相對的重視呢？本研究意識到在人們的生活中色彩與空間有著密不可分的關係，不同的色彩意象在不同屬性使用者的認知中可能產生心理感受的差異。因此，本研究主要關注色彩因素對人們使用公共廁所空間之心理感知影響，並進一步探討人們對公共廁所空間色彩的期待與需求，從而建立公共廁所空間色彩規劃建議，以作為未來公共廁所設計之參考。研究共分為四個階段，第一階段為色彩意象形容詞蒐集：透過「問卷調查法」暸解大家對公廁的色彩認知及聯想，並執行初步調查及色彩意象形容詞語彙蒐集。第二階段為空間色彩喜好與認知：以色票作為訪談依據進行「半結構式訪談」，從而暸解大眾對公共廁所偏好及期待。第三階段乃透過前述色彩意象形容詞語彙及訪談所挑選出的色票，製作空間色彩計畫樣本，以「語意差異量表」進行檢證。第四階段為專家深度訪談，從專家觀點對後續設計提出參考建議，以期公廁空間色彩規劃更符合不同屬性使用者的認知需求。研究結果可從「空間色彩與感知的關聯性」、「公共廁所空間色彩配置」、「色彩與公共廁所的應用」三個面向，建立期望的公廁空間色彩規劃四項原則：（1）使用兩種色彩深淺搭配使空間讓人感受到「安全的」、「舒適的」及「清爽的」。（2）應較偏向於高明度與低彩度的淺色系為主。（3）因應性別需求差異，在洗手台周邊範圍，男廁應重視「安全的」，女廁應重視「明朗的」；在個人使用隔間區，男廁應重視「舒服的」，女廁應重視「舒服的」及「安全的」。（4）基於安全的、舒適的、清爽的等原則，空間建構的材質可考慮複合材料及塑木材質等，並在不同材質面加上因應心理感知的紋理表現，使其能適切地融入色彩應用，讓公共廁所空間色彩規劃呈現更為完善且符合使用者期待的公共廁所空間氛圍。 Public toilet is a functional space to meet people's physiological needs in daily life.The corresponding field planning is needed according to different conditions or needs of public toilet. The World Toilet Organization (WTO) was established in 2001 to focus on the hygiene and safety of space. However, should the user's psychological feelings in public toilet also get relative attention? This study realized that color and space are inseparable in people's life. Different color images may cause different psychological feelings in different user's cognition.Therefore, we focus on the impact of color factors on people's psychological perception.Further discussion on people's expectation and needs for space color planning to make suggestions on color planning of public toilet space.The research is divided into four stages. The first stage is to collect color image adjectives: through the questionnaire to understand the color perception and association.To execute preliminary investigation and collect color image adjective vocabulary.The second stage is spatial color preference and cognition:Semi-structured interview based on color chart.In order to execute the public preferences and expectations for public toilets.In the third stage is a sample of spatial color scheme is produced through the color image adjective and the color chart selected by the interviews which is verified by the Semantic Difference Scale. The fourth stage is in-depth interviews to advance a proposal of subsequent design planning from expert opinion and look forward to make a good color planning of public toilet space to conform different user's cognitive needs.The research results can be divided into three aspects: the relationship between spatial color and perception, the spatial color allocation of public toilets and the application of color and public toilets.Make Four principles of expected color planning of public toilet space: (1) Using two shades of color to make the space feel safe, comfortable and refreshing. (2) The color planning should be base on high tone and low value.(3) In response to gender differences, men's toilets should emphasis to safety. women's toilets should emphasis clarity. In personal use compartments, men's should attach importance to comfort .but women's should attach importance to comfort and safety. (4) Based on the principles,Material can consider composite materials and plastic wood quality .Make it fit with color application to add texture on different material surfaces.So the color planning can present more perfect and let the public toilet space atmosphere that users expect.
