高齡者安養護機構供餐體系及政策需求之研究---探索食品產業的發展新契機

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Title:	高齡者安養護機構供餐體系及政策需求之研究---探索食品產業的發展新契機
Other Titles:	The Study of Elderly House on Meal's Supply Chain and Policy Demand---Explore the Opportunities of Taiwan Food Industry
Authors:	黃惠宜 Huang, Hui-Yi
Contributors:	王良原 Oh,Ryogen 東海大學食品科學系
Keywords:	高齡者;安養護機構;供餐體系;政策需求 elderly people;elderiy house in Taiwan;meal''s supply chain;policy demand
Date:	2006
Issue Date:	2011-04-13T08:18:07Z (UTC)
Abstract:	人口老化是當前世界各國共同面臨的問題，我國已於1993年正式邁入高齡化社會。隨著出生率的下降及國民平均壽命延長，高齡人口相關之議題，也愈來愈受到重視。如何使高齡者能安享晚年，不再只是家庭的責任，也是國家與社會的責任。人口老化另一個影響則是銀髮產業的興起，食品產業在銀髮市場有何新契機正是本研究所欲探討的。日本是人口老化最快速的國家，而台灣無論在文化背景以及家庭社會型態大致與日本雷同，未來的發展模式大致也遵循著日本的軌跡。在本研究以日本為借鏡，觀看日本食品產業如何因應高齡市場到來，並探討臺灣的高齡者飲食需求，尋找其商機。此外，亦針對安養護機構的供餐體系及政策需求進行研究調查，結果顯示，目前的機構有近九成還是以自行自備餐食為主，這當中有36.7％在未來「成本降低」或「業者可以製備符合高齡者所需軟硬度的餐食」時會考慮委外製備餐食，未來考慮委外的形式與目前委外的形式都是以「外包給團膳業者提供餐食服務」居多；在委外製備餐食的部分，考慮委外的原因是「菜色變化多，不需花時間去思考」，當中有96.9％未來還是會繼續考慮委外製備餐食。在安養護機構對政策需求方面，包括「配膳、供餐服務系統開發」、「營養教育」、「政府補助」、「基礎建設」、「制訂修訂法規」及「放寬老人膳食限制」六項因素。而在機構之特性方面，製備餐食情況與「機構性質」、「機構型態」存在關係者居多。未來政策需求與「所在地區」、「機構性質」、「成立年次」及「機構型態」有關。最後建議在飲食方面，需針對不同族群高齡者有不同的供膳服務或不同性狀的食品提供。且食品業者如果可以將食物軟硬度控制得宜、菜色多變且食材新鮮，機構委外備餐的機率較大；未來在政策方需求面，除了可以考慮本研究中六項因素進行規劃外，也有必要以法令政策引導民間企業開發出可以提供高齡者福祉商品或服務以因應需求。 Taiwan is getting into an aging society as well as some developed countries in the world. People above 65 years old approached 7.1% in total population in 1993. The birth rate continuously declined, and the average life span issues happened when the“Ageing Society“is coming. How about make elderly life well, not only responsibility of family but also responsibility of government and society. A rise and develop of senior Industry act on aging society, that make me to study the opportunities of Taiwan food industry. Japan is fastest getting into an aging society. In Taiwan the culture background and family's structure analogy with Japan. Therefore the food industry of Japan is a good example to Taiwan. Moreover, study of elderly house on meal's supply chain and policy demand. The research said, Approach 90% of the respondents said that they cooking by themselves, in the middle of cooking by themselves of the respondents that have 36.7% when “the cost reducing “ and “ the meal to conform to elderly demand “ allow for outsourcing in the future. Elderly house the model of outsourcing and in the future thinking of the model of outsourcing, more respondents said that they choose quantity food services of outsourcing. In the respondents of outsourcing that have 96.9% carry on outsourcing in future. In the character of elderly horse, make meals more correlate with nature of elderly horse. In the respondents of the policy demand of elderly house in future, indicated the development of meal’s supply and service system, nutrition education, government subsidiary, infrastructure, amended or enacted the enactment and opening up the limit of elderly dietary. The suggestion of dietary, different senior groups must be different meal’s supply and properties of food. If food industry will making the meal to conform to elderly demand or the many of choose of menu and have fresh foods that the probability of outsourcing maybe increases. The policy demand for us in future that they can think about the six factors, also by virtue of policy conducted the food industry to develop the elderly products and services.
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